702 
(ESOPHAGITIS IN THE HORSE. 
The rectum was again explored, but without any light being 
thrown upon the case. The animal used every effort to repulse the 
hand of the explorator, and the rectum was violently contracted 
upon the arm. Still no evacuation of faeces, and the urine continued 
to be yellow and oily. 
The Diagnosis still uncertain, only that, without any precise or 
accurate reference, I stated it to be my opinion that we should find 
some lesion in the upper digestive passages. 
Treatment . — As there began to be slight meteorization, a little 
ether was added to the mucilaginous drinks. The injections were 
repeated in half the quantity every two hours. The frictions were 
continued, and an occasional short walk, for the spasms w'ould not 
admit of a long one. At two P.M., I ordered the drinks to be dis- 
continued, since the colicky pains appeared so invariably after the 
administration of them ; for the same reason, the white water was 
also suppressed. In order, however, to assuage the thirst of the 
animal, his mouth was often gargled with a mucilaginous decoction, 
to which a little honey was added. In the evening, four pounds of 
blood were abstracted. 
23 d . — The fits of colic continue, with the same characters as on 
the preceding evening. The movements of the flanks, which had 
previously exhibited only some increased frequency, were now 
much more accelerated and jerking. The pulse was full, quick, 
and strong — the conjunctiva most deeply injected — the mouth 
clammy — the tongue charged with a brown deposit on its surface, 
but its tip and its edges of a vivid red — the loins had also acquired 
a degree of inflexibility. Deglutition, always painful, was now 
become more difficult. On presenting a lock of hay to the animal, 
he took it, but with a degree of nonchalance slowly masticating it ; 
and then, when he would swallow it, the elongation of the upper 
part of the neck, and the expression of his countenance, shewed 
the dreadful pain which accompanied the passage of the food 
through the pharynx and the oesophagean canal. After each de- 
glutition one or more pandiculations* followed, and frequent yawn- 
mgs : the head was again stretched out, yet partly turning round 
over the neck, as if there still remained something to be forced 
down. After a few seconds this ceased, but only to be renewed 
when the next portion of food was attempted to be swallowed. 
* It is difficult to translate this word. Even Hooper, who attempts every 
thing of this kind, is content with the term yawning. It would have been 
better expressed by the word bdillemens. It is a peculiar species of yawning ; 
a more than usual protrusion of the fore limbs, and drawing back of the head 
and the trunk, and stretching out of the hind limbs. It is distinct from the 
common yawning of laziness ; it is the indication of extreme fatigue, or it 
ushers in some aggravated state of disease. — Y. 
