ON THE ENTOZOA. 
735 
ings, that the secreting powers of the udder have come to their full 
perfection. * The cow has generally been kept quiet, and is in full 
condition, so that here is every thing that can be brought together' 
in order “ to make the udder.” This large milk-making gland has 
all its energies roused to the very utmost, and at length ceases its 
functions from being overworked. 
In order to prevent this, I should recommend the lowering sys- 
tem for a few days before and after calving, and should also advise 
that the cow should be milked three or four days before calving, 
and for the same period after calving she should be milked at least 
three times a-day. I have often seen this practice adopted for 
the cows that seemed most likely to fall, and, I think, in every 
instance with ’success ; at least, I never saw it do any harm. 
As my object in this short paper is the prevention and not the 
treatment of the disease, I shall say nothing about the management 
of the cow that has actually fallen, except that I have found much 
benefit from stimulating the bag as well as the loins and the spine. 
I have almost invariably found the degree of danger in these cases 
to depend on the quantity of milk that is secreted. If the secre- 
tion is stopped altogether, it is ten to one that the cow dies ; but if 
the secretion is tolerably plentiful, the danger is slight, at least as 
long as such secretion continues. 
ON THE ENTOZOA AFFECTING DOMESTICATED 
ANIMALS, AND, PARTICULARLY, ON THE FAS- 
CIOLA HEPATICA, OR LIVER FLUKE IN SHEEP. 
By W. J. T. MORTON, Esq., Lecturer on Veterinary Materia 
Meclica, tyc., Royal Veterinary College. 
Not long since, my attention having been directed to the para- 
sites which infest our domesticated animals, I naturally turned to 
your description of the fluke — the fasciola of Linnaeus — in your 
valuable work on “ Sheep and, although much pleased with your 
account of it, I could not refrain from observing some discrepancies 
in your statements with what appeared to me to be the true structure 
of the parasite as seen under the microscope. Fearing lest my own 
eyes might have- deceived me, I forwarded some of these animals 
to a mutual friend, Mr. J. de Carle Sowerby, whose talents are 
above my poor praise, and he has developed that which I could 
never haVe hoped to have done. Herewith I send you drawings 
of his dissections, which I know you will agree with me in consider- 
ing them to be beautiful. 
