MONOGRAPH OF THE OWLS—STRIGID4, 
shaped and swollen cere. In this genus we find the first wing- 
feather shorter than the tenth, and the toes naked and not covered 
with a thick plumage. 
When we compare these characters with those of other Owls, we 
give them the first rank as a genus or as a subgenus. 
In the first subgenus Pisorhina (Scops manadensis) of the genus 
Scops, we find that the nostrils are bored in the middle of the pear 
shaped and swollen cere; and I draw the conclusion without having 
seen the species, that the first wing-feather is shorter than the 
tenth. 
The genus Scops has this analogy with the genus Glaucidium, 
that it has, amongst all the true Strigine the finest formed round 
skull, with the largest brain and the least developed pneumacity of 
the coronal bones. Like Glaucidium, Scops contains the smallest 
species of its ‘whole subfamily Strigine. 
My classification of the Owls begins now to grow in the following 
manner ;— 
A. Surnina. 1. Glaucidium. 2. Nyctale. 
B. Stricina. 1. Scops. 2. OTUs. 
To find out the rank of the six other genera of the subfamilies, 
Surnine and Strigine, we must apply the characters which distin- 
guish the type of the other order—III. Galle. IV. Ichthyornithes 
(Rapaces et Palmipedes); and V. Galline. 
One of the most important characters of the Grallatorial type 
(Brevipennes) is short wings, but large development of the legs, 
short toes with a very heavy and large body, with great. develop- 
ment of the bones, The birds of this type like the ground and are 
better runners than flyers. 
With these characters we find in the genus Athene a subgenus, 
which has very long legs and short toes, which is a good runner and 
likes the ground, making its nest in holes or burrows. It is my 
third subgenus Pholeoptyna (A. cunicularia), ‘This subgenus gives 
Athene as a genus also the third rank, because it represents the 
Grallatorial type among the Surnine. 
With these characters, long feet, short toes, colossal body, great 
mass of bones, we give the subgenus Ketwpa the third rank in its 
126 
Pe TET. 
