Small et al.: Population and stock indentification of Oncorhynchus kisutch 
857 
poral distribution of genetic diversity among sub- 
populations). The finding in this, and other molecu- 
lar genetic studies on coho salmon (Beacham et al., 
1996; Miller et al., 1996), of temporally stable allele 
frequency differences at neutral loci among local 
“stocks” (subpopulations in the metapopulation 
model) may indicate that there is very little effective 
gene flow among subpopulations (and few recoloni- 
zation events in vacant habitat) on time scales of 
relevance to managers. 
In summary, we have demonstrated that variation 
at microsatellite loci can be used both to define the 
regional and local components of coho salmon popu- 
lation structure in British Columbia and to identify 
these elements in stock composition estimation for 
mixed-stock fishery analysis. Molecular genetic tech- 
nology will enable delineation of metapopulations or 
ESUs (or both) in the coho salmon of British Colum- 
bia, but management tools based on these concepts 
are lacking. 
Acknowledgments 
This work was funded by a National Sciences and 
Engineering Research visiting postdoctoral fellow- 
ship to M. P. Small and by the Department of Fish- 
eries and Oceans. Samples were collected with the 
assistance of J. Candy and staff at the Habitat and 
Assessment Branch of the DFO. Technical work was 
greatly assisted by A. Schulze and D. Tuck. R. J. 
Nelson, C. C. Wood, and J. Candy were most helpful 
with advice on laboratory techniques, data organi- 
zation, analysis, and statistics. 
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