EDIBLE FISHES OF QUEENSLAND, PANT I.—OGILBY. 
G3 
LEPTOBRAMA Steindachner.f 
Leptobrama Steindachner, Sitz. Akad. Wien, Ixxviii, i, 1878, p. 388 ( mulleri ). 
Neopempheris Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, v, 1880, p. 517 ( romsayi = mulleri). 
Body elliptical. Scales small, persistent, ciliated, very finely and concentri- 
cally striated, with a broad roughened inframarginal band, arranged in regular 
series, those of the head, nape, and breast much smaller than the body-scales. Lateral 
line with a distinct curve anteriorly. Head small and conical, the snout Qbtusely 
pointed, naked ; cleft of mouth curved ; maxillary slender. Jaws with several 
series of small reflexed cardiform teeth, which increase in size from without, the 
inner mandibular series largest ; a diamond-shaped patch of small sharp teeth on 
the head of the vomer ; palatines with a band of similar teeth ; ectopterygoicls, 
entopterygoids, and tongue, each with a large ovate patch of still smaller villiform 
teeth. Eyes anterior. Lower limb of preopercle serrulate, the angle, produced in 
a broad membranaceous flap, but without armature ; no opercular spine. Dorsal 
fin with iv 16 to 18 rays, anal with iii 26 to 30 ; caudal deeply emarginate ; pectoral 
short and obtusely pointed, with 17 rays, the second simple, strongly compressed, 
and laterally expanded : ventrals rather small. Branchiostegals six, three on each 
epihyal and ceratohyalj; gill-rakers rather stout ; pharyngeal bones armed with 
strong recurved teeth, except the outer upper pharyngeal, which is mostly naked, 
while the teeth of the middle bone are exceptionally strong. (Ae 7 r tq$, slender ; 
Brama.) 
* The presence of a persistent pneumatic duct to the air-bladder and the position of the 
ventral fins fully justifies the exclusion of Bathyclupm from the Pempheridee , as insisted on by 
American ichthyologists. The same characters also exclude it from the Berycomorphi. With 
regard to the subjugular and degenerate ventrals of Bathyclupm it is worth noting that, although 
the anal is similarly advanced in Leptobrama , the ventrals retain their normal position below the 
pectorals, as well as their normal development ; this should be a strong point in favor of the 
separation of the two families. Since writing the above Regan (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) xii, 
1913, p. 11 <) has followed Grill (in Goode & Bean, Ocean. Ichth., 1895, p. 199) in recognizing the 
Bathydupeidce as a distinct family, but dissociates them wholly from the Berycoidei , placing them 
among the Per coidea near Lactarius. 
t It is duo to the researches of Mr. McCulloch that I am privileged to record for the first 
time the identity of Neopempheris with Leptobrama. Under dato lO-v-13 he writes — “ Neopem- 
pheris ramsayi = Leptobrama mulleri Steind., who figures it beautifully in Denk. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 
xli, 1879, pi. iii, fig. 3. His figure might be made from Ramsay’s specimen, it agrees so well.” 
Also— 44 1 have a large specimen nearly 300 miliim. from Fremantle.” I herein, therefore, tender 
my thanks to Mr. McCulloch for so courteously placing before me these new facts in time for 
inclusion in my paper, since his own “ Note on Leptobrama . . . will not be published until 
after your Memoirs.” 
t In Pempheris compressa there are two on the epihyal and five on the ceratohyal. 
