GADID.33. 
601 
Otoliths of the existing species Gadus morrhua, Linn., G.minutus, 
Linn., G. virens, Linn., and G. pollachius, Linn., are also described 
from the English Pliocene Crags by E. T. Newton, op. cit. 1891, 
pp. 93-96, pi. x. figs. 5, 9-11, 13-15. 
The following imperfectly defined species all seem to belong to 
this genus, but are not represented in the Collection : — 
Morrhua ceglefinoides, Kner & Steindachner, Denkschr. k. Akad. 
Wiss., math.-naturw. Cl. vol. xxi. (1863), p. 34, pi. v. 
fig. 2; D. G. Kramberger, Beitr. Paliiont. Oesterr.- 
Ungarns, vol. iii. (1883), p. 65. — Tipper Miocene ; 
Podsused, Croatia. [Imperfect fish : Zoological Museum, 
University of Vienna.] 
Morrhua externa, D. G. Kramberger, Rad Jugoslav. Akad. 
vol. lxxii. (1885), p. 51, pi. v. fig. 3, and Soc. Hist. Nat. 
Croatica, vol. i. (1886), p. 135.— Upper Miocene; 
Szakadat, Siebenbiirgen. [Imperfect distorted fish ; 
Imperial Geological Survey, Vienna.] 
Morrhua lanceolata , I). G. Kramberger, Beitr. Paliiont. Oesterr.- 
Ungarns, vol. iii. (1883), p. 67, pi. xiii. fig. 5.— Upper 
Miocene ; Podsused. [Imperfect fish ; Geological Museum, 
University of Agram.] 
Morrhua macropterygia, D. G. Kramberger, loc. cit. 1883, p. 05, 
pi. xiii. fig. 6. — Upper Miocene ; Dolje, Croatia. 
[Ditto.] 
Morrhua minima, D. G. Kramberger, Rad Jugoslav. Akad. 
vol. lxxii. (1885), p. 63, and ibid. vol. cvi. (1891), p. 104, 
pi. vii. fig. 5. — Upper Miocene ; Podsused. [Ditto.] 
Morrhua szagadatensis, E. Steindachner, Sitzungsb. k. Akad. Wiss., 
math.-naturw. Cl. vol. xlvii. pt. i. (1863), p. 139, pi. ii. 
fig. 3. — Upper Miocene ; Szakadat, Siebenbiirgen. | Im- 
perfect fish ; Court Museum, Vienna.] 
Gadus latior and G. stoppanii are undefined names for fishes 
from the supposed Upper Miocene of Cutro, Calabria (Bosniaski, 
Atti Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat.— Proc.-Verb. vol. i. 1879, p. Ixxxii). 
The so-called Gadus pohjnemus (G. Fischer de Waldheim, Nouv. 
Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou [2] vol. i. 1829, p. 298, pi. xxi. fig. 1) 
is an indeterminable fragment from limestone on the river Miasse, 
Govt. Orenburg, Russia. 
Indeterminable teeth, and also otoliths, from the Lower Pliocene 
of Orciano and Siena, Tuscany, have been referred to the existing 
genus Merluccius, Cuvier, under the name of M. bosniaslcii by 
