HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION 
LOCAL FLORAS 
Britain. — Woods’s monograph was published in 1 8 1 6 invol.xii. 
of the Transactions of the Linnean Society. His type specimens 
were deposited at Burlington House. My own monograph appeared 
in the eleventh volume of the Journal of the same Society in 1866. 
All the British Floras from Hudson (1762) down to the last edition 
of Babington (1904) contain a synopsis of the British species, and 
they are figured in the three editions of English Botany (1790-1814, 
1832-46, 1863-72). Recent papers that should be consulted are a 
monograph of the V illosae by the Rev. A. Ley, and of the whole 
genus by Major Wolley-Dod, in successive supplements to the Journal 
of Botany from 1 908 to 1 9 1 1 . 
Scandinavia and Denmark. — Fries devoted much care to the 
Roses in his Novitiae (1814-42) and Summa (1846-9). He was 
the first to describe Rosa coriijolia, Rosa inodora, and Rosa carelica. 
The Floras of Blytt (1861-76) and Hartman (1871) should also 
be consulted, as well as a paper by Scheutz in the Bot. Notiser 
for 1877. Figures of the Scandinavian Roses will be found in the 
Flora Danica begun in 1761 and in Svensk Botanik. 
France is very rich in Roses. They are very ably treated in 
Villars’ Flora of Dauphine ( 1 7 7 9), Boreau’s Flore du Centre ( 1 840-5 7 ), 
Grenier & Godrons well-known Flora (1848—56), Grenier’s Flore 
Jurassique (1865-75), the various writings of D6seglise and Cr6pin, 
and in the recent Floras of Rouy and Foucaud (vol. ii. 1901-3) and 
the Abb6 Coste (1900-6). The latter gives a small woodcut of 
each species. The Rose collection of D^seghse, containing all his 
types, is in the Botanical Department of the Natural History Museum 
at South Kensington. 
Spain. — Spanish Roses are well described in Willkomm & 
Lange’s Flora Flispanica (vol. iii. 1890; Suppl. 1893). The first 
European printed book dealing with Roses only was published by a 
Spanish physician, Nicolas Monardes, in 1551. It was published at 
Antwerp under the title of De Rosa et partibus ejus. 
Central Europe. — In Ascherson & Graebner’s Synopsis der 
mitteleuropiiischen Flora (vol. vi. 1900-2) Dr. Keller has lately 
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