<** aspect that turn kittiwakao do not ami to distin t;*u; as tliDir 
y<xm «• marly always tied to the nest until t Imjltlj* 
£Am- 
>• ««• a *«®oar or eacparlBBOts to find out if the kiUimks*s teehaviouj 
«pxMd with expectation. louag of dWt ©rent neats M to ho e*aasQg©a, a 
art Iwr seats ag» . awawamllito « tim mr », nest 
oi' the testa had to ha carried out cm the Staples* * « had to visit that 
island a nuatar of tim» umvoly for ©atf^lishing the age of the young* tut 
! * awattoc/ a i , allow us to cross as often as m wanted at tie tin* of 
- ar* i carter to lad mm mum . .ge 
a&itiy sis young of known aje ©a tie jux- -or %rne, X made some*©! different 
type* Of *««NVtBBat m saah ofuok aoS l found t -at t-hc- leapt; of tie 
wee tae *» eixtahwnw shs tost aeaurat© indication of a®©' (dig* 1), 
ifi all tcio testa the ymag were loft la the strange nests for y i 
03.' longer. r n tne first aeries of esc lerhaonts 1 agnoea^sd broods of 
®»*ae ne» and the oarae masher or ohiota. Ail Urn young were aoooptod^ tit 
imm-rn that the 'gmmxbu showed. the sax-© behaviour to then as to their tm 
£ 18 * W of t yowag. iw ©roc 
loa-.pr ocxiB ,fost .: &atde&. . feaetfnes a ymaig is jmmmd a little or e 
- . ■ - ■ 
Age in days 
€M£ 
14 — 2 W 
at-a? 
20-54 
Older young get aero 
teste with f, *o,, * M l could 
po *U>i3 
*' have, however, iadlaatlorsi 
oo' M fly (around 45 days) x 
fed /*e.4y f 1 cdyts strea^ra 
oases, however y a strange 
i 
arcdtl:, te.ii ouch visite are 
group 
•so. of t 
'icuis to handle -which ia izby I safe fewer 
«ot te >fc the oldest young i cannot ocalafe tte 
rai^t lesorn to reoagniae their ohiafcs later, 
that they do not as a rule. Af ter the ahAoks 
several, tines ixxsr parents sock 4 sad own 
had landed on the wrong nest, in &- few 
<U was pecked away, The variable behaviour 
s fact that the s np leks 'teshaaped f- 
too rare to decide shat is typiaaj , 
. tsi next e.s ;xarijrhnts show that tie parents da not reospiisc tJjeii y;ung; 
sv their state of devaloaaent, a possibility not excluded by tia previous tests, 
yjie ‘ovni brood** t*ere ropiaoed by another of the mob mxssber ol' or 
bat of a different «^a. j\H aooepted* 
