Calls in Arctic 
m 
i. 
era. 
Fear call,, a Shrill "keer? Rare. Heard when Mult dandled and 
occasionally during a fight on the ground when one 
"bird has hold of another who is trying to get free. 
^Alartu call, low intensity , single "jek" . Nervous bird in any 
' situation. Doesn* t seem to grade into the chatter. 
Alarm call, higher intensity, ’’hair" or"keyair", like last but 
✓7 probably more aggressive. The chief call heard 
LXW . when you wakk through a tern colony as the birds 
hang overhead. 
Clash call, a loud sudden "kyow" by a swooping bird at the bottom 
of the swoop as he comes closest to striking a 
predator, by two birds in an upward flutter. Usually 
>' precede by when swooping at an intruder. 
Sometimes becomes"keya.ir" if the attacker loses 
heart at the last moment. 
% 
Chatter, "tiki tiki tiki t. . .", during downward swoop of an attack, 
i also by a bird on ground, e.g. brooding, as another 
or a rabbit comes near. 
/ 
ky f "keeyer". A colourless calk often heard from birds fishing, 
.» flying to or from the colony, etc. At moments of 
LCN greater excitement turns into ky2 or ky* 
t / f t / 
ky 3 "tikiteeyer tikiteeyer teeyer teeyer tikiteeyer 
The commonest intraspecific aggressive call. 
Accompanies threatening matches on the ground and 
aeriai fights too. The typical call of a bird with 
a fish £bn the air or on the ground, though it goes 
into ky* when he attracts or tries to attract a female. 
!» 
0 $ 
■Ifli 
Typically the first reaction of a bird on the ground 
to a flying bird. The call with which an unmated male 
advertises himself as he flies to and fron over the 
colony. It goes into ky^ if another condescends to 
i f.va 
It 
*3 
make a "fish flight" with him. 
tit t t / ' ' 
"Feeyor yor yor keeyor keeyor yoryoryor " kyg grades 
into this call as a mate approaches either on the 
Jfaf ground or in the air. It accompanies, the bent posture 
' and is often continued to accompany the scraping 
t which follows greeting. At nest relief this call 
indicates broodiness. 
Also f. begging, copulation call (a form of ky£ or ky^) and a coupl 
of other calls of doubtful distinctiveness. 
