Beacham et al: Population structure and stock identification of Oncorhynchus keta 
249 
Table 2 
Number of alleles per locus, F st , expected heterozygosity (He), observed heterozygosity (Ho), and percent significant Hardy-Wein- 
berg equilibrium tests (HWE) for 14 microsatellite loci examined in 34 populations of chum salmon ( Oncorhynchus keta) listed 
in Table 1. Standard deviation of F st is shown in parentheses. 
Locus 
Number of alleles 
F st 
He 
Ho 
HWE 
Oke3 
21 
0.050(0.022) 
0.80 
0.74 
8.6 
Oki2 
21 
0.027 (0.005) 
0.87 
0.87 
2.9 
Ots3 
26 
0.054 (0.014) 
0.78 
0.78 
0.0 
OkilOO 
29 
0.015 (0.003) 
0.91 
0.91 
0.0 
Ssa419 
30 
0.010(0.003) 
0.87 
0.87 
0.0 
0nel02 
33 
0.003 (0.001) 
0.91 
0.91 
0.0 
0 my 10 11 
34 
0.010(0.003) 
0.93 
0.92 
0.0 
Onel04 
41 
0.013 (0.003) 
0.94 
0.94 
0.0 
OnelOl 
46 
0.052 (0.009) 
0.84 
0.84 
0.0 
One 114 
46 
0.015 (0.004) 
0.93 
0.93 
5.7 
Omml070 
50 
0.005 (0.001) 
0.95 
0.95 
0.0 
Otsl03 
51 
0.008 (0.002) 
0.95 
0.94 
0.0 
OtsG68 
53 
0.005 (0.001) 
0.95 
0.93 
8.6 
Onelll 
Total 
138 
0.007 (0.001) 
0.017 (0.004) 
0.98 
0.98 
0.0 
Table 3 
Mean number of alleles observed per locus at 14 microsatellite loci for 34 chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) populations from 
eight regions as outlined in Table 1. Regions were the following: 1) Primorye, 2) Amur River, 3) Sakhalin Island, 4) Magadan, 5) 
Northern Sea of Okhotsk, 6) West Kamchatka, 7) East Kamchatka, and 8) Northeast Russia. Allele numbers have been stan- 
dardized to a sample size of 79 fish per region. 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
Oke3 
9.0 
8.5 
9.9 
8.7 
7.9 
8.7 
9.7 
7.0 
OkilOO 
16.0 
18.5 
22.3 
21.4 
17.7 
19.6 
21.4 
19.2 
Oki2 
14.0 
12.1 
15.1 
14.4 
14.7 
13.8 
16.3 
14.5 
Omml070 
30.1 
26.6 
29.0 
33.3 
27.7 
32.3 
32.9 
29.5 
OmylOll 
22.0 
20.0 
22.6 
23.7 
25.2 
22.7 
21.8 
23.6 
OnelOl 
20.7 
28.3 
21.9 
25.0 
16.6 
22.8 
23.3 
23.1 
One 102 
24.1 
19.3 
20.1 
17.7 
16.8 
18.5 
18.9 
14.4 
One 104 
23.8 
27.6 
23.5 
23.9 
23.4 
24.6 
24.9 
22.7 
Onelll 
51.7 
50.8 
55.8 
71.8 
57.9 
75.1 
71.8 
60.7 
One 114 
23.1 
24.6 
24.0 
28.6 
19.2 
27.3 
26.4 
25.5 
Ots3 
12.0 
14.1 
14.3 
14.0 
9.7 
14.7 
16.1 
12.9 
OtslOS 
30.0 
35.3 
38.4 
34.4 
27.3 
35.1 
34.4 
29.1 
OtsG68 
32.9 
34.2 
39.3 
35.6 
28.7 
36.3 
36.6 
32.7 
Ssa419 
16.5 
14.8 
16.0 
16.7 
14.4 
18.7 
16.2 
11.9 
Total 
325.9 
334.7 
352.2 
369.2 
307.2 
370.2 
370.7 
326.8 
groupings were not strongly supported in the cluster 
analysis. 
Stock identification 
Genetic differentiation observed among the chum salmon 
in the regions surveyed was evaluated to determine if it 
was sufficient for a mixed-stock analysis with the objec- 
tive of obtaining accurate regional stock compositions. 
Analysis of simulated single-region samples indicated 
that estimates of the contribution of chum salmon from 
that region were usually greater than 89% (Table 5), 
although there was the expectation that errors in esti- 
mation for the region in question would be maximized 
when the single region comprised 100% of the simulated 
sample. The level of accuracy observed in the estimated 
