tion of the ancient ruins which are very numerous in the region. 
An excursion of very especial interest was the ascent of Jemez 
Mountain in company with. Major Powell and others. The ascent 
was easy enough hut the descent proved to him a disaster. It 
happened that his pony, which had an easy gait on ordinary roads 
and trails, had stiff fore legs and on the long tedious descent 
of the trailless mountain slopes he came down at each step with 
a terrible- jolt which so affected the rider r s spine that on reach- 
ing camp he found himself quite helpless so that he had to he 
carried on a litter to the distant railroad station where he was 
placed on the first homeward hound train. He recovered in a few 
weeks hut has always found it necessary to avoid any severe strain 
affecting the spine. 
The five year period, 1889-94, was one of the most 
important periods of his labors in the field of science, and one 
of the most important in the history cf American archeological 
research. At the beginning of this period the theory of a paleo- 
lithic (early stonej man in America, corresponding closely in 
grade of culture with the paleolithic period in Europe, had been 
accepted without question by American students. Collectors in 
various sections of the country had amassed evidence that appeared 
to them conclusive, and Museum cases were filled with rudely 
chipped stones labelled "American Paleolithic Implements.” Be- 
cause they were rude in shape and resembled the so-called paleo- 
lithic Implements of Europe, they were assigned to an antiquity of 
