130 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
was 0.122, which corresponds with the series beginning with No. Id, and this animal 
CO, 
was the most active. In No. 12 the q ! quotient was 0.191, which corresponds to 
the first series, and of the three this animal was the nearest dead. 
The table records the result of the various analyses as they were made in 1900. 
In the summer of 1901, at n ly request, both Mr. E. H. Green and Mr. A. K. Krause, 
independently of each other, made analyses of the gas taken from animals subjected 
CO 
to the same conditions as described above. In both cases the -q-^ quotients fell in 
their respective places in the series. 
If we now compare the q-' quotients in Nos. 1 to 9 as representing asphyxiated 
animals, and the quotient in Nos. 21 to 23 as representing animals in their normal 
condition, it will be seen that there is a great difference between them. These results 
indicate that there is an active respiratory process taking place in the bladder during 
asphyxiation. 
No. 
Per cent 
Or. 
Per cent 
CO.,. 
co 2 
On ' 
Remarks. 
No. 
Per cent 
On. 
Per cent 
CO... 
C0 3 
0 2 ■ 
Remarks. 
1 
14.45 
3.99 
0. 275 
14 
19. 00 
2. 30 
0. 121 
2 
3 
4 
5 
15. 85 
15.80 
17. 51 
15. 91 
4.47 
4. 70 
4.30 
4.20 
.282 
.297 
.245 
.264 
Gas taken after the 
animals bad been as- 
phyxiated by dying 
15 
16 
17 
18 
13.30 
10.08 
8. 34 
10 
1.28 
1.26 
.93 
.82 
.096 
.125 
.115 
.082 
Gas removed while ani- 
mals were alive, im- 
mediately after being 
taken frcim car. 
6 
6 50 
1. 60 
. 261 
on the wharf. 
19 
8.60 
.62 
.072 
7 
15. 64 
4.54 
.290 
20 
5. 55 
.70 
.126 
8 
12. 20 
3 
.247 
9 
9. 70 
2. 90 
.298 
21 
11.86 
.75 
.063 
IGas taken while gills 
10 
18. 80 
2. 30 
. 122 
IGas removed when 
22 
12. 12 
.75 
. 061 
> were irrigated with 
11 
16 90 
2.50 
.147 
1 animals were almost 
23 
8. 77 
.92 
.104 
1 salt water. 
12 
12. 00 
2. 30 
.191 
I dead in a crowded 
13 
17. 80 
2.80 
.157 
I car. 
24 
11.40 
1 
.087 
Spinal cord cut and gas 
removed. 
i 
SUMMARY. 
1. The evidence for exchange of gases between blood and air-bladder must be 
sought not in the absolute amount of 0 2 or C0 2 in the bladder, but in the proportion 
of these two gases. 
2. The 
C0 2 
0 2 
quotient of the gas in the swim-bladder of normal animals is small, 
ranging from 0.06 to 0.10. 
3. The yp 1 quotient increases as the animal is asphyxiated, and reaches 0.24 
to 0.29 when killed b} r this means. 
4. The fact that different per cents of 0 2 are found in different squeteague under 
the same conditions strengthens the view that the gas is a secretion; for how could 
we have 19 per cent in No. 14 and 5.55 per cent in No. 20 under a process of diffusion ? 
5. Fish (Lopholatilus chamcdeonticeps ) from 55 fathoms of water have 66.5 per 
cent of O, and only a trace of CO.„ and from 70 fathoms of water have 69 per cent 
CO, 
of 0 2 and a trace of CO.,. The deeper the water the smaller the -77^ quotient. This 
goes on until pure oxygen alone is present in the air-bladder. 
