FISHES FROM MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA. 
149 
15. Dorosoma cepedianum exile (Jordan & Gilbert). Southern Hickory Shad. 
One specimen JL2. 5 inches long, from Montecristo. Head 4.66, 1.5 in last ray of dorsal; depth 2.75; 
eye 4.33; snout 5; maxillary 4; mandible 3; interorbital 3.5; 1). 13; A. 31; scales about 75,-30; scutes 
20 + 9. Body deep, compressed, the back elevated; dorsal median, slightly behind ventrals; caudal 
widely forked, the lobes equal. General color in alcohol, silvery, bluish above. This subspecies 
differs chiefly from the typical cepedianum in the considerably smaller scales. 
16. Sardinella humeralis (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Sardina Escamuda. 
Head 3.8; depth 3.25; eye 3; snout 3.5; I). 16; A 18; scales 40; scutes about 27. Our specimens 
differ from current descriptions of this species in having an adipose eyelid; in the smaller eye, which 
is very slightly longer than snout; and in their greater depth. We can not, however, regard them 
as being any other species. Our two specimens, each 7.12 inches long, were taken from the crop of a 
brown pelican, at Puerto Morelos, April 1, 1901. Both are females, and their spawning time is in the 
spring, as evidenced by the mature eggs in each. 
17. Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard. 
Fifteen specimens, 5.2 to 6.8 inches long, from Progreso. Head 3; depth 4 to 4.3; eye 5.75 to 6; 
snout 3.3 to 3.7; mandible 2.4 to 2.5; interorbital 3; preorbital 9 to 10; D. 10 or 11; A. 9 or 10; 
scales 40 to 46,-14 or 15 The scales appear considerably smaller than in F. lieteroditus, the eye 
smaller, and the dorsal is more posterior. 
18. Girardinichthys innominatus Bleeker. 
Thirty-three specimens varying in length from 0.75 to 1 75 inches, all from Lake Lerma. Head, 
3.7; depth 3.5; eye 3.5; snout 4.5; interorbital 2.5; I). 23; A. 26; scales 44,-16. 
Body short, oblong, compressed; head compressed, thick, very steep; snout blunt; mandible 
directed vertically upward ; premaxillaries greatly protractile; small cardiform or subconical teeth in 
each jaw in a single series, followed by a few small hooked teeth; month Very small, nearly vertical; 
profile concave from orbit to nape, then slightly convex to dorsal fin; caudal slightly rounded; base 
of anal rather steep. 
General color in alcohol, dusky gray, darker above, with many punctulations; a narrow dorsal 
band of dark from nape to dorsal fin; a dark, almost black, blotch on side above space between 
ventrals and vent, larger than eye; some specimens with many faint vertical broken dark bars on side 
of body, these usually obscure in the larger specimens. 
This species is ovoviviparous. In several examples dissected, eggs were found in the ovary, each 
egg being surrounded by membranous tissue, which is attached to the sides of the ovary. Some of 
these young were very well developed; others are in a very immature state; while in others the eggs 
are very small. In one specimen were found 4 fully developed young showing the scales and fully 
developed tins, and in all respects resembling the parent, which was 1.2 inches long, while the young 
were nine-twentieths of an inch in length. In another specimen, 1.6 inches long, 24 young, two- 
tenths of an inch long, were found. These were immature, no scales being visible. 
These specimens differ somewhat from current descriptions in several important particulars, viz, 
the dorsal and anal rays are more numerous, the eye is larger, and the color is different, no mention 
being made by previous writers of the black blotch on the side. This spot is present in all our 
examples 
So far as we have been able to learn attention has not previously been called to the viviparity of 
this little fish. Indeed, in Jordan and Evermann’s Fishes of North and Middle America it is expressly 
stated to be oviparous. This opinion was probably simply an inference from the apparent fact that 
the anal fin of the male is not modified into an intromittent organ. No such modification is found 
in any of our 29 specimens, but we have not determined certainly that they are all females. 
These fish, as well as those of all the other species obtained by Dr. Rose in Lake Lerma, are in 
many cases infested with some species of abdominal parasite — a tapeworm of some kind. 
19. Cyprinodon eximius Girard. 
The collection contains 44 specimens, all females, of this interesting little fish, obtained by Mr. 
Nelson fiom a pool near Lake Santa Maria, Chihuahua. They range in length from 1 to 1.5 inches. 
Head 3 2; depth 2.5 to 3.2; eye 3.8; snout 3.8; interorbital 2.5 to 3; I). 9 or 10, length of longest 
ray about 2 in head, the anterior quite spine-like; A. 8 to 10, longest ray 1.8 in head. Body oblong, 
deepest in front of dorsal tin, compressed posteriorly; anterior profile evenly arched from base of 
dorsa 1 fin to tip of snout; head large, deep, slightly compressed; eye high, distance from posterior edge 
