368 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
To the southward, and connected with the small mud lake by a short passage, is 
the main lake, which lies in a general north-and-south direction and is about 3 miles 
long with an extreme width of three-fourths of a mile. The banks slope from the 
wooded hills to the rocky beaches, and the lake is apparently quite deep. 
For want of facilities the lake could not be examined in its entire length, but no 
feeders were observed in its northern half. An Indian who hunts the region during 
the winter stated that several feeders of considerable size entered the lake near the 
southern end, and it is probable that these feeders form the redfish spawning-ground. 
The available statistics to 1900 are given in my 1900 report, page 267. 
KUSHNEAHIN STREAM AND LAKE. 
On the southwestern end of Kupreanof Island and a mile NNW. from Point 
Barrie is a small rocky indentation which receives the waters of a redfish stream. 
The mouth lies opposite a small wooded islet which is joined to the main shore on its 
northern side by a line of kelp-covered sunken reefs. This stream, known as Kush- 
neahin, is referred to in my 1897 report, p. 108. As it is in an exposed and dangerous 
locality the conditions did not at that time, nor last year, permit an examination, but 
it was examined on June 11 by a party in charge of Lieutenant Rodman. 
Kushneabin Stream is a lake outlet and along its bed is 8 miles in length, though 
in a straight line the distance to the lake is 25 per cent less; the general direction of 
the How is southwest. At the mouth, where it is spread out and the current sluggish, 
the stream is about 10 feet wide, from 1 to 12 inches in depth, and temperature 
of water 53° F. Two miles above, where it is contracted in a narrow channel of 
uniform depth, it is 11 feet wide and 3 inches deep. 
About 1 miles from the mouth is a broken fall 8 to 10 feet high, which, however, 
forms no serious obstacle to the ascent of fish. From the sea to this point, which is 
215 feet above tide water, the bed rises gradually and is rocky and stony, with a 
little gravel along the banks. The latter are generally low with occasional bluffs 
rising from 10 to 100 feet. One mile below the falls the stream Hows through a cut 
about 150 yards long and 30 to 10 feet wide, the water lying in deep pools between 
the bluff's, which are from 20 to 70 feet high. Except the falls there are no strong- 
rapids in the stream. In the upper half the stream flows through a low’ flat country 
with a sluggish current over a gravelly bottom. The hills in this section recede fully 
a mile. Half a mile above the falls it receives from the northward the main tributary 
which rises in the hills forming the northern part of a valley. At the mouth it is 6 
feet wide, 3 inches deep, and so far as examined it flows over a rocky and gravelly 
bed. The water is clear, and on June 11 had a temperature of 16° F. The water 
in the main stream above the principal tributary is tinged dark brown. 
All other tributaries are insignificant, though two on the left bank may afford 
spawning-beds for humpback salmon. The channel of the main stream below 7 the 
falls follows gentle curves, while above it is more tortuous and meandering, winding 
through low, extensive flats or tundra. Except over the open flats and tundra, the 
vegetation is of the usual type, heavy woodland and dense undergrowth. 
On the bank and 100 yards above tide water, which ascends 200 to 300 yards 
from the mouth, there were 21 frames, 71 feet by 1 feet, in good condition, neath 7 
piled, with some old webbing near by, evidently to be used in barricading the stream 
