FISH-CULTURAL INVESTIGATIONS IN MONTANA AND WYOMING. 
39 
The temperature of the water at 10 a. m., August 25, was 50°. The water is clear and 
of good quality, but probably becomes muddy during heavy raius. This stream was 
examined again near where it flows into the Gardiner River, and this latter stream 
was also examined. The banks of both are quite high and the adjacent land entirely 
too rough and rocky for the purposes contemplated. 
Reese Creek is a small stream flowing into the Gardiner River near Horr, Montana, 
a few miles north of Cinnabar. We examined it through a mile or more of its course 
just above the railroad. Most of its water is taken out for irrigation purposes, but 
above all these ditches we found it to be about 51 feet wide, 7 inches deep, and to flow 
with a current of 21 feet per second, which gives it a volume of 3, GOO gallons per 
minute. The temperature of the water at noon, August 26, was 48°. About 1£ miles 
above the railroad is a very suitable tract of land which could probably be had if 
desired. This is above where the irrigation ditches are taken ont, therefore the water 
needed for the station could be turned back into the stream and thus not interfere with 
any previous water rights. It is quite probable, however, that this stream becomes 
more or less muddy during heavy rains. 
Botteler Springs . — These springs are on the west side of the Yellowstone Yalley 
about 3 miles south of Fridley, Montana, just opposite Emigrant Peak, and on the 
National Park branch of the Northern Pacific Railroad. The distance to Cinnabar is 
about 25 miles, which is also about the distance to Livingston. There is a large 
number of these springs, some very small, just oozing from the ground, others issuing- 
in strong streams. They all come out near the upper margin of a bench composed of 
morainic material, and are grouped in such a way as to unite into eight streams which 
cross the road in front of the bench within a short distance of each other. The springs 
of all the eight groups lie within a limit of 50 rods of each other, and the water from 
all could be easily gathered into one stream which would give a flow of at least 4,275 
gallons per minute. This amount could be increased to probably 6,000 gallons per 
minute by gathering up the water from a number of small springs not taken into 
account in the above estimate. The bench is covered with trees, such as quaking asp, 
willows, rose bushes, and other small bushes. The immediate vicinity of the springs, 
though gravelly, is marshy. They are so situated that only the most northern group 
(No. 8) can receive any wash from the adjacent land during even heavy rains. Most 
of the springs are surrounded by a thick growth of bushes. Watercress and other 
plants are abundant in the streams made by the springs. Insect larvae, young trout, 
frogs, etc., abound in the streams, and the Yellowstone River in the immediate vicinity 
has an abundance of trout, many individuals of very large size being noticed. 
The ground in front of the bench is a plain with a gradual descent to Yellowstone 
River, three-fourths of a mjle distant. The foot of the bench is 300 yards west of the 
railroad and 35 feet above it. The cultivated portion of the ranch which lies between 
the bench and the river is irrigated mainly by the water from a neighboring creek, the 
water from the springs being used only occasionally. The accompanying rough diagram 
(PI. iv) will be helpful in understanding the position and nature of the springs. 
These springs were inspected on August 26 and 27 by Prof. Jenkins and Mr. 
Olapham. The groups I have numbered from 1 to 8, beginning at the south. In 
determining the amount of water flowing from each group it was found that, owing 
to the marshy character of the ground and the ramifications and interlacings of 
the various little streams, only approximate results could be reached. It is believed, 
however, that the aggregate flow of these springs can not be less than 5,000 gallons. 
