FISH-CULTURAL INVESTIGATIONS IN MONTANA AND WYOMING 
41 
a marshy tract of ground just below the main spring. The stream from tne main 
spring was 2 feet wide and 10 inches deep, and flowed about 748 gallons per minute. 
Its temperature at 3 :30 p. m., August 27, was 52°, or 48° in the spring itself, which 
was shaded. Measured at a point one-fourth mile below the springs, the stream was 
found to be 5 feet wide, 8 inches deep, and to have a current of 1 foot per second. 
This would indicate a flow of about 1,500 gallons per minute. The temperature here 
was 52° at 4 p. m. These springs all come out in a low marshy piece of ground and 
form a kind of pond filled with watercress and other water plants. The pond is 
surrounded by willows, cottonwoods, chokeclierries, and other bushes. The stream 
flows across the road to the north from the marsh, and continues northward through a 
meadow for a mile or more. Its banks are covered with a dense growth of bushes. 
The ground over which it flows is perhaps too level to afford sufficient fall for a 
gravity supply. 
ANNOTATED LIST OF FISHES OBTAINED IN MONTANA AND WYOMING. 
As shown in the preceding pages of this report, the region .over which our 
explorations extended is, in general, a mountainous one, most of whose streams are 
clear and cold, and flow with a rapid, often turbulent, current. The number of species 
of fishes in such waters is never great. Though our collection contains but 10 
indigenous species, it no doubt represents fairly well the fish fauna of that region. 
The species represented, grouped by families, are the following: 
Catostomidas. 
1. Catostomus discobolus Cope. 
2. Catostomus catostomus (Forster). 
3. Catostomus macroohilus Girard. 
4. Catostomus ardens Jordan & Gilbert. 
Cyprinidae. 
5. Ilhiniclithys dulcis (Girard). 
6. Mylocheilus caurinus (Rich.). 
7. Ptychocheilus oregonensis (Rich.). 
8. Leuciscus hydrophlox (Cope). 
9. Leuciscus gilli, sp. hoy. 
10. Leuciscus atrarius (Girard). 
Salmonidae. 
11. Coregonus wilUamsoni Girard. 
Salmonidae — Continued. 
12. Thymallus signifer (Rich.). 
13. Salmo mykiss Walbaum. 
14. Salvelinus malma (Walbaum). 
Cottidae. 
15. Cottus bairdi punctulatus (Gill). 
Gadidae. 
16. Lota lota maculosa (Le Sueur). 
Salmonidae (introduced into the Yellowstone 
National Park). 
17. Salmo irideus Ayres. 
18. Salmo fario Will. 
19. Salmo trutta levenensis Walker. 
20. Salvelinus fonttnalis (Mitchill). 
The most abundant, important, and generally distributed of these is, of course, the 
black-spotted or mountain trout, with its almost constant and destructive attendant, 
the blob. Just how destructive the blob is to the eggs of the trout 1 am unable to 
say, but it is probably a very serious pest during the spawning season. 
1. Catostomus discobolus Cope. (PI. xviii.) 
Catostomus discobolus Cope, Hayden’s survey, 435, 1870. 
Thirteen examples of this species were taken in Eed Rock River near Red Rock, 
Montana, and an equal number from Beaverhead River at Dillon. These specimens 
are from very small size to 7 inches in length. Head, 5; depth, 5 ; eye, 5; snout, 2 to 
24 ; interorbital width 2; mouth and lips large, cartilaginous sheath of each lip well 
developed; fontanelle a very narrow slit; origin of dorsal fin much nearer snout than 
