Bones discovered in a cave at Kirkdale, in Yorkshire. 183 
found to be strewed all over like a dog kennel, from one end 
to the other, with hundreds of teeth and bones, or rather 
broken and splintered fragments of bones, of all the animals 
above enumerated; they were found in greatest quantity 
near its mouth, simply because its area in this part was 
most capacious ; those of the larger animals, elephant, rhi- 
noceros, &c. were found co-extensively with all the rest, 
even in the inmost and smallest recesses, (see Plate XVI. 
fig. 3). Scarcely a single bone has escaped fracture, with the 
exception of the astragalus, and other hard and solid bones of 
the tarsus and carpus joints, and of the toes (see Plate XXIV. 
fig. 1 to 5, and fig. 7 to 10, and Plate XIX. fig. 5 to 12). 
On some of the bones marks may be traced, which, on ap- 
plying one to the other, appear exactly to fit the form of the 
canine teeth of the hyaena that occur in the cave. The 
hyaenas' bones have been broken, and apparently gnawed 
equally with those of the other animals. Heaps of small 
splinters, and highly comminuted, yet angular fragments of 
bone, mixed with teeth of all the varieties of animals above 
enumerated, lay in the bottom of the den, occasionally ad- 
hering together by stalactite, and forming, as has been be- 
fore mentioned, an osseous breccia. Many insulated frag- 
ments also are wholly or partially enveloped with stalactite, 
both externally and internally. Not one skull is to be found 
entire ; and it is so rare to find a large bone of any kind that 
has not been more or less broken, that there is no hope of 
obtaining materials for the construction of any thing like a 
skeleton. The jaw bones also, even of the hyaenas, are 
broken like the rest ; and in the case of all the animals, the 
number of teeth and of solid bones of the tarsus and carpus, 
