FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
65 
Color in spirits, pale brown, darker above, the edge of each scale dark brown, crossed by 5 broad 
cross-bands, between which are as many similar cross-bands of lighter shade; 3 broad cross-bands 
across the mandible. 
This description from an example (No. 03817), 10.2 inches long, taken at Hilo. Our numerous 
specimens range in length from 2 to 10 inches. An unusually large specimen recently received from 
Mr. Berndt, at Honolulu, measures 13.75 inches. 
We have many specimens from Hilo and Honolulu. 
In some cases the dark inottlings are of the deepest scarlet, others brick red, while those found 
on sandy shores are olive-green. The species is found in 2 colors, red and green, on the coasts of 
Japan, as in Hawaii. 
Salmo varius Lac£pede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 224, pi. 3, fig. 3, 1803, lie de France. 
Saurtis variegatus Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, Poiss., 223, pi. 48, fig. 3, 1824, Maui. 
Saurus varius, Gunther, Cat., V, 395, 1864 (part). 
Synodus varius, Steindachner, Henks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 513 (Honolulu; Laysan): Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish 
Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 433 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit. (Jan. 19, 1904), 521 (Honolulu); Jordan & 
Snyder, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXVIII, 1904 (Oct.), 125 (Honolulu.) 
Synodus sharpi Fowler, Proe. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1900, 497, pi. XIX, fig. 2, Hawaiian Islands. (Types, Nos. 16084 and 
16086, Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila.) 
Synodus variegatus, Seale, Oceas. Papers Bishop Mus., I, part 4, 63, 1901 (Guam). 
Genus 25. SAURIDA Cuvier & Valenciennes. 
Body subc.ylindrical, rather elongate; tail tapering; head oblong, depressed; snout rather short, 
pointed; eye moderate; mouth cleft very wide; intermaxillary very long, styliform, tapering; maxil- 
lary thin, long, closely adherent to intermaxillary; teeth cardiform, those in the inner series being 
the longest, slender, depressible both downward and inward, and present in the jaws, on tongue, and 
on palatine bones, the latter forming a double band on each side, the inner band being much shorter 
than the outer; gill-opening very wide, gill-membranes not attached to isthmus; branehiostegals 
numerous; dorsal fin nearly in the middle of length of body, with 13 or fewer rays; adipose fin small; 
anal short; caudal forked; pectoral short or of moderate length; ventral 9-rayed, the inner rays not 
much longer than the outer ones, and inserted before the dorsal, not far from the pectorals. Species 
few, in the tropical seas of the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Western Pacific. 
Saurida Cuvier &' Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XXII, 499, 1849 ( tumbil ). 
26. Saurida gracilis (Quoy & Gaimard). “Ul&e.” 
Head 4.5 in length; depth 6.5; D. 11; A. 10; P. 10; V. 9; scales 4-52-5; width of head 1.5 in its 
length; depth of head 1.67 in its length; snout 4.5 in head; maxillary 1.5; interorbital space 4.5; eye 
1.25 in snout, 4 in maxillary; interorbital space 1 in snout; pectoral 1.3; base of anal 2.5; length of 
depressed dorsal only slightly less than the length of head. 
Body elongate, rounded, the back and ventral surfaces depressed; head small, elongated, broadly 
depressed, pointed, the eyes impinging slightly upon the upper profile, the lower profile from tip of 
mandible slightly convex; snout rather long, depressed, flattened, very broad at front of eye, where it 
is about 0.4 broader than long; eye well anterior, about midway in the space between tip of snout and 
end of maxillary, the latter considered in the vertical until level with tip of snout; mouth cleft large, 
oblique, becoming narrow toward its posterior extremity; mandible large, powerful, the jaws equal 
when mouth is closed; teeth in jaws unequal, those forming an inner series the larger, the lips very 
narrow, so that most all the teeth are visible when mouth is "closed; palatines with 2 bands of teeth, 
most of them depressible, some of those in front enlarged, the inner band short; tongue very small, 
rounded, without any teeth, free in front; a median series of fine teeth along the basibranchials; nos- 
trils small, close together on sides of snout, nearer tip of latter than anterior margin of eye, anterior 
pair with a small fleshy flap; interorbital space broad, somewhat concave but flattened in the middle; 
a depressed bony ridge rather prominent above each eye in front; top of head roughened on each side 
of occiput; gill-openings large, the narrow membrane free from the narrow compressed isthmus; gill- 
rakers as minute asperities; gill-filaments rather short; pseudobranch ite moderately large; peritoneum 
pale; scales large, cycloid, about 4 rows on cheek; opercles and occiput scaly, rest of head bare; origin 
of dorsal midway between tip of snout and posterior margin of adipose fin; last dorsal ray about threq- 
F. G. B. 1903—5 
