FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
99 
This species is very savage and voracious. In the stomach of one example (No. 04813, from 
Honolulu) a Teutliis 7.88 inches long was found, though the eel measured only 30 inches in total length. 
Another eel about 22 inches in length had swallowed a large goatfish which, though more or less 
macerated, was as long, if not much longer, than the Teuthis mentioned. 
Mufxnophis undulala LacepOde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 629, 644, 1803, South Seas. 
Murxna marmorata Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, 247, 1824, Waigiu, Rawak. 
Murxna valcnciennci Eydoux & Souleyet, Voy. Bonite, Poiss., 207, pi. 8, fig. 1, 1842, Sandwich Islands. 
Murxna cancellata Richardson, Voy. Ereb. & Terror, Fish., 87, pi. 46, fig. 1-5, 1847, Western Australia; Sumatra. 
Murxna blochii Blceker, Verh. Batav. Genoot., XXV, 49, 1853, Sibogha; Sumatra. 
Murxna agassizi Bleeker, Nat. Tydsch. Ned.Ind., VIII, 458, 1855, Cocos Islands. 
Thyrsoidea cancellata , ICaup, Cat. Apod. Fish., 76, fig. 59, 1856; after Richardson. 
Gymnothorax canccllatus, Bleeker, Atlas Ichth., IV, 93, tab. 176, fig. 3, tab. 177, fig. 2, and tab. 183, lig. 1, 1864 (Bencooleu; 
Priaman; Sumatra; Batu; Singapore; Nova-Selma; Cocos Islands; Amboyna). 
Gymnothorax agassizi, Bleeker, op. cit., IV, 95, tab. 185, fig. 2, 1864-65 (Nova-Selma; Cocos Islands; Amboyna). 
Gymnothorax hlochi, Bleeker, op. cit., IV, 102, tab. 180, fig. 2, 1864-65 (Sibogha; Sumatra). 
Thyrsoidea kaupii Abbott, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1860, 477, Hawaiian Islands. 
Murxna nubila, Gunther, Fish. Zanzibar, 127, 1866; not of Richardson. 
Murxna undulala, Gunther, Cat., VIII, 110,1870 (Zanzibar; Cocos Islands; East. Indies; and Hawaiian Islands); Streets, 
Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., Nos. 7, 77, 1877 (Honolulu). 
Lycodontis kaupi, Fowler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1900, 494, pi. XVIII, fig. 6 (Abbott’s type). 
Lycodontis pseudothyrsoidca, Fowler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1900, 494 (Hawaiian Islands); not of Bleeker. 
Gymnothorax undulatus, Jenkins, Bull. 1). S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 426 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit. 
(Jan. 19, 1904), 518 (Honolulu; Albatross Station 3824, off the southern coast of Molokai). 
56. Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (Riippell). Plate 17. 
Head 2.8 in trunk; head and trunk shorter than tail; eye 2.25 in snout, about 2 in interorbital 
space; snout 5.75 in head. 
Body compressed, tail tapering to a point; head compressed, bluntly rounded in front; snout rather 
elongate, pointed, rounded above, tip blunt; eye small, a little nearer tip of snout than corner of 
mouth; mouth closing, jaws about even; teeth covered with thick skin of lips; teeth in jaws in asingle 
series, some of them canine-like anteriorly, those on vomer large, fang-like, and depressible; anterior 
nostrils in short tubes at tip of snout, posterior pair above and over eyes; interorbital space convex; 
gill-opening a little longer than eye; skin smooth, and a number of pores on head; no lateral line; origin 
of dorsal about midway between posterior margin of eye and gill-opening; caudal small, forming a 
rounded point. 
Color in alcohol, dark brown; head in front and fins dusky or blackish; body everywhere mottled 
and blotched with deep brown; gill-openings blackish; posterior edges of dorsal, anal, and tip of 
caudal very narrowly margined with whitish; belly and throat pale. 
Color in life (No. 03548), very dark brown, nearly black; light interspaces smoky-yellow; outer 
margin of vertical fins lemon-yellow, below which the color is bright green, gradually losing itself in 
dark brown. Color in life of another example (No. 03375), 3 feet long, body and fins mottled yellow- 
ish and brown, brown forming irregular granular spots of various sizes, but all less than pupil; fins a 
little darker, no pale edges; gill-opening and angle of mouth black; throat streaks brownish and spots 
on jaws smaller. 
This description is based upon the type of G. thalassopterus, No. 50619, U. S. Nat. Mus., a speci- 
men 23 inches long, from Honolulu, which- seems to be identical with this species. 
Our collection contains 17 fine examples of this species, all from Honolulu, and ranging in length 
from 8 to 36 inches. A specimen was obtained in 1889 by Doctor Jenkins and others were secured by 
the Albatross in 1902. One small example was obtained by us at Coeoanut Island, at Hilo, also several 
young from the reef at Waikiki. Others have been recently received from Mr. Berndt, at Honolulu. 
Murxna flavimarginata Riippell, Fische des rothen Meeres, 119, taf. 30, fig. 3, 1828, Red Sea. 
Murxna flavomarginata, Gunther, Shore Fishes, Challenger, Zool., I, Part VI, 61, 1880 (Honolulu). 
Gymnothorax flavimarginatus, Bleeker, Atlas Ichth,, IV, 95, pi. 176, fig. 2, and pi. 178, fig. 3, 1864-65 (part). 
Gymnothorax thalassopterus Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 427, pi. 2, Honolulu; Snyder, 
op. cit. (Jan. 19, 1904), 518 (Honolulu). 
