BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
196 
edge of orbit; dorsal spines weak and thin, longest 2.1 in head; soft dorsal sheathed, its longest ray 2.2 
in head, its origin midway between tip of snout and last scute and directly over second anal spine; 
caudal forked; anal similar to soft dorsal and similarly sheathed, its longest ray 2.3 in head, spines 
very short, less than eye; ventrals short, just reaching posterior edge of vent, 2.1 in head; pectoral 
long, narrow, falcate, nearly reaching straight part of lateral line, its length 1.2 times the length of the 
head; lateral line with a long curve, whose chord nearly equals the straight part, the lateral line 
becoming straight under about the tenth soft dorsal ray; scutes on the entire straight part of the lateral 
line; in some examples a trace of a second lateral line under soft dorsal fin, continuing to posterior 
edge of dorsal spine. 
Color in alcohol, bluish silvery above, becoming white silvery below lateral line; dorsal and caudal 
dusky, other fins pale, axil of pectoral black, a black spot on upper posterior edge of opercle, covering 
upper end of shoulder-girdle, slightly larger than pupil. 
The above description from a specimen (No. 04030), 8.75 inches long, from Honolulu, where 
numerous examples were taken, 7.5 to 8.75 inches long. We identify these with Caranx affinis of 
Riippell, with which they seem to agree in all essential respects. It is a deeper fish than C. hasselti, 
with lighter fins, and doubtless represents the same species which Steindachner had from Honolulu. 
Caranx affinis Riippell, Neue Wirbelthiere, Fisch., 49, PI. XIV, fig.l, 1835 (March, 183S), Red Sea. 
Caranx ( Sdar ) affinis, Klunzinger, Fische des rothen Meeres, II, 19, 1879 (Red'Sea); Steindachner, Denies. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 
LXX, 1900, 495 (Honolulu). 
Carangus affinis, Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23,1903), 446 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit. (Jan. 19, 
1904), 523 (Honolulu). 
149. Carangus helvolus (Forster). Plate 32. 
Dorsal v, 28; A. i, 22; head, including opercular flap, 3.3 in length to base of caudal fin; 
depth 2.5; snout 2.9 in head; lower jaw projecting somewhat beyond upper; maxillary 2.5, reaching 
to a vertical through anterior edge of pupil; eye 4.3, a horizontal from tip of snout passing through 
center of pupil; width of interorbital space 2.9. No teeth on vomer, palatines, or tongue, those of 
jaws in a single series. Tongue dead white in color; roof of mouth similar, becoming abruptly blue- 
black posteriorly, the white extending backward as a V-shaped prolongation; the membranous flap 
white on the part touched by tongue, black on sides; lower jaw below tongue dark, the flap white 
beneath tongue, dark on sides; Head with scales behind the eye and on the cheeks; a narrow, naked 
space on the occiput, extending backward to spinous dorsal; breast naked; plates in straight portion 
of lateral line 35, each p>late with a keel forming a sharp ridge. 
The locality from which Forster obtained this species is not known; but as he visited the Society 
Islands with Captain Cook on his second voyage, it is possible that his specimen came from that 
region. An example 15 inches long, obtained by the Albatross in the Honolulu market in 1902, agrees 
perfectly with the description of this species. 
Scomber helvolus Forster, Descr. Anim., 414, 415, 1775 (Lichtenstein eel., 1844), probably Society Islands. 
Caranx liclvolus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., IX, 104, 1833. 
Carangus helvolus, Snyder, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Jan. 19, 1904), 524 (Honolulu). . 
150. Carangus cheilio Snyder. Plate 33, fig. 1. 
Head, measured to end of opercular flap, 3 in length to base of caudal; depth 2.9; depth of 
caudal peduncle 6.7 in head; diameter of eye 7.1; width of interorbital space 3.3; length of snout 
2.3; maxillary 2.9; pectoral fin 1.1; ventrals 2.5; height of first dorsal ray 3.1; anal ray 3 4; length 
of upper lobe of caudal 1.2; D. vm-i, 24; A. ii, 21; scales in lateral series about 116; between lateral 
line and spinous dorsal, counting upward and forward, about 23; plates in straight portion of lateral 
line about 38. Snout pointed, anterior contour of head somewhat concave in the region of inter- 
orbital area. Lower jaw slightly shorter than upper; maxillary not reaching a vertical through anterior 
edge of orbit by a distance about equal to diameter of pupil; lips very thick, the width of upper 
near its middle equal to half diameter of eye; teeth short and blunt, in a single series on the jaws, 
none on vomer and palatines; a few very short teeth on tongue; gill rakers 7+25, the longest equal 
in length to diameter of iris. 
