FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
255 
197. Pseudupeneus chryserydros (Lacepede). “Moano ken." Fig. 106. 
Head 3.25 in length; depth 3.7; eye6.5 in head, in snout 3.5; snout 1.9; interorbital 3.5; maxillary 
2.4, maxillary to eye 4.3, or 1.75 times eye; D. vin-9; A. 7; scales 3-30-6; longest dorsal spine 1.5 in 
head, longest ray 2.6; longest anal ray 2.3; pectoral 1.5; ventral 1.4; distance between dorsals 4.4 
in head or 2 in base of spinous dorsal or 1.9 in that of soft dorsal. 
Body long, tapering posteriorly; back considerably elevated, the profile rising in a straight line 
from snout to occiput, thence gently curved to origin of spinous dorsal, from which point it descends 
in an approximately straight line to caudal peduncle; ventral outline nearly straight, the axis of the 
body much below median line; head rather large, compressed; interorbital space moderately broad, 
very convex; snout long and bluntly pointed; mouth very low, moderate in size, somewhat oblique; 
lower jaw slightly included; maxillary very broad at tip, the upper edge curved upward; eye small, in 
posterior half of head; teeth on both jaws, rather large, none on vomer or palatines; barbels long, 
nearly equaling head and just reaching base of ventrals; fins moderate, origin of spinous dorsal a little 
nearer posterior base of soft dorsal than tip of snout; distance between origins of dorsals equal to dis- 
tance from snout to edge of preopercle; caudal moderately forked, lobes equal, length slightly less than 
distance between origins of dorsals; gillrakers 20 -f- 7, serrate, longest two-thirds diameter of eye, last 
few on each limb short and blunt, merely rudiments; scales large, firm, deeper than broad, the mar- 
Fig. 106 . — Pseudupeneus chryserydros (Lac6pdde). 
gins finely toothed; lateral line following curve of back, the pores each with 3 to 6 branches; 3 scales 
between dorsal fins, 3 rows on cheek; a series of long mucous canals extending downward from eye 
and forward across snout to maxillary, these profusely branched anteriorly. The above description 
based chiefly on a specimen (No. 03850) 12 inches long, from Honolulu. 
Color in life (No. 02920) dark leaden purple shaded with red on side; nape yellowish; a large 
conspicuous orange-yellow blotch on caudal peduncle above; violet stripes radiating from eye, with 
orange and olive-yellow interspaces; cheek with bluish and yellowish stripes, iris red with yellow 
ring; barbels grayish, dusky at base, the tips yellow'; fins all blue-black; soft dorsal and anal with 
sky-blue streaks betw'een rays, then turning obliquely upward and backward, olive shades between 
the blue streaks; first dorsal blackish blue, with violet between the rays; pectoral blackish at the base, 
the tip purplish-red; ventrals blue-black, paler than caudal. Specimen No. 03425 v'as in life very dark 
brown; each scale dark blue at base, golden on posterior portion; blue lines radiating from eye, with 
golden interspaces; side of head with blue and golden lines; dorsals and ventrals very dark, with 
golden markings on membranes; pectoral light rosy; anal crossed bv golden bands parallel with body; 
caudal nearly black, an orange saddle on upper side of caudal peduncle. 
