FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
265 
reaching edge of gill-opening; pseudobranchise well developed; gill rakers 16+6, finely serrate, last 5 
or 6 on longer limb very blunt and short, pupil of eye contained 1.5 in longest; spinous dorsal 1.5 in 
depth, first 2 spines even, longer than the others and longer than base; distance from snout to origin 
of spinous dorsal one-third distance from snout to last scale on caudal; distance between dorsals 
slightly less than base of soft dorsal; soft dorsal slightly concave; caudal deeply forked, upper lobe 
longer; anal similar to soft dorsal, inserted slightly behind the latter; ventrals reaching slightly 
beyond pectoral, rays of pectoral slightly the longer; lateral line concurrent with dorsal outline; scales 
large, finely ctenoid; entire body and head scaly. 
Color in life, pale green, changing to white below; edges of scales on back and down to lateral 
line purplish brown, giving the appearance of 3 rather distinct stripes of purplish brown, with green- 
ish centers on the scales; side with 2 broad yellow stripes, the upper beginning on opercle at level of 
eye and running to caudal just above lateral line, which it crosses under soft dorsal; second beginning 
on base of pectoral and running to base of caudal just below lateral line, this stripe less distinct and 
narrowing posteriorly; opercle bright rosy ; top of head dusky; cheek white with some rosy; lower 
jaw white; barbels yellow; dorsal fins pale, each crossed by 2 or 3 brownish rosy liars; caudal white, 
upper lobe with 4 broad brownish red bars running downward and backward, 1 at base narrow; lower 
lobe with similar but much broader black bars running upward and backward, 2 of them more distinct 
than the others, 2 longish dark spots on inner rays; anal, ventrals, and pectoral pale, ventrals rather 
pale yellowish; iris yellowish, pink above. 
Color in alcohol, above bluish olivaceous, the side becoming lighter, almost white on belly; 
borders of scales dusky; first dorsal spine with 3 or 4 dark spots, and the upper posterior edge of 
membranes with dark spots; soft dorsal with 3 dark spots on anterior edge and similar spots on 
upper part of fin; caudal fin with dark bands, upper lobe with about 6, those on lower lobe 4, much 
broader, other fins pale. 
This species resembles Upeneus vitlatus (Forskal), described from Djidda, Arabia, but the latter 
has the belly abruptly deep yellow in life. It is an abundant and important food-fish at Honolulu, 
where we obtained 10 specimens and where 4 others were collected by Dr. Jenkins in 1889. It is 
equally common at Hilo and in Pearl Harbor, living in shallow water along quiet shores. 
Our specimens are 8 to 12.5 inches long. 
Upeneoides vittatus, Streets, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 7, 71, 1877 (Honolulu); not ol Forskal. 
Upeneus arge Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (April 11, 1903), 187, Honolulu; Jenkins, op. cit. 
(Sept. 23, 1903), 456 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit. (Jan, 19, 1904), 627 (Honolulu). 
207. Upeneus tseniopterus Cuvier & Valenciennes. “ Webc." 
Head 5 in total length; depth 5; eye 5 in head, 1.65 in snout, 1.5 in interorbital sjiace; D. vn-i, 
7; A. 7; scales 3-38-7. 
Interorbital space flat, a very slight rise from snout to base of first dorsal, a slight swelling over 
the snout in front of eye; barbels reaching to first third of orbit; teeth villiform in jaws, vomer, and 
palatines; first spine of dorsal fin the highest, and equal to two-thirds height of body, the second very 
nearly as long; 6 rows of scales between bases of dorsal fins; pectoral equal in length to first dorsal 
spine; caudal deeply forked; tubes of lateral line very arborescent posteriorly; air-bladder large; 
branc.hiostegals 4; pyloric coeca 2. 
Color, back reddish, becoming white on the abdomen; a large reddish spot said to have existed 
on the free portion of tail, but not now apparent; first dorsal fin with 3 brownish longitudinal 
bands, second dorsal likewise banded; caudal with 6 oblique streaks across either lobe. Length 12 
inches. (Day.) 
The above description was taken from Cuvier and Valenciennes’s type in the Paris Museum. 
We know of no record of this species from the Hawaiian Islands other than that of Rteindachner, 
who refers 2 examples, obtained at Honolulu, to this species. It was not seen by us and it is probable 
that Upeneus arge has been mistaken for it. 
Upeneus tseniopterus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Ill, 451, 1829, coast of Trinquemalao, Ceylon. 
Upeneoides txniopterus , Day, Fishes of India, 1, 122, 1875; Steindachner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 487 (Honolulu). 
