FISHES OF HAWAIIAN - ISLANDS. 
303 
The young have a black stripe, about as wide as the eye, extending from the snout to the upper 
half of the base of caudal, where its end 'is slightly broadened and rounded. Below and parallel with 
the dark stripe is a pinkish-white one of about equal width. Some specimens have a narrow, short, 
indistinct, dusky stripe below the latter. With increasing age the stripes become indistinct and 
disappear, the general color grows darker, while the broad, light band behind the head appears. The 
caudal is at first rounded, later becoming concave, the upper and lower rays being much produced in 
the adult. 
This species is the most abundant of the labroids inhabiting Hawaiian waters. Numerous speci- 
mens were obtained by Dr. Jenkins, and a yet greater number is in the present collection obtained 
by us at Honolulu, Hiio, and Kailua; and by the Albatross at Honolulu, Laysan Island, station 3881 
between Maui and Molokai, and at Puako Bay, Hawaii. The fish is not known to occur in Samoa. 
Julis duperrey Quoy & Gaimard, Voyage de l’Uranie, Zool., 268, pi. 56, fig. 2, 1824, Sandwich Islands. 
Julis clepsydralis Smith & Swain, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., V, 1882, 136, Johnston Island. 
Thalassoma pyrrhovinctum Jenkins, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., XIX, 1899 (Aug. 30, 1900), 51, fig. 7, Honolulu. (Type, No. 6138 
L. S. Jr. Univ. Mus.; Coll. 0. P. Jenkins.) 
Julis duperrei, Steindachner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 506 (Honolulu and Laysan). 
Thalassoma duperrey, Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 463 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit. (Jan. 
19, 1904), 629 (Hawaiian Islands; Laysan Island). 
238. Thalassoma lunaris (Linnaeus,. 
Head 3.5 in length; depth 3.7; eye 5 in head; snout 3.2; preorbital 4.8; interorbital 4; D. vm, 13; 
A. ii, 12; scales 4-27-8. 
Body greatly compressed, elongate; caudal peduncle deep ; dorsal outline evenly curved; vertical 
outline slightly less convex; head small, much longer than deep; snout rather long, conic; jaws each 
with a pair of stout canines in front and a series of shorter canine-like teeth laterally, growing succes- 
sively shorter posteriorly ; no posterior canine; preorbital moderately deep, oblique; opercle and pre- 
operele smooth, the former ending in a broad low flap; scales large, thin, and leathery on edges, the 
surface finely striate, the spaces between the striae with cross-markings, giving the appearance of being 
covered with minute scales; scales on breast and nape somewhat reduced; a patch of 8 rather large 
scales on upper end of opercle, rest of head entirely naked; lateral line following curvature of back for 
19 or 20 scales, then bending downward 2 rows and continuing to base of caudal; pores with 3 to 6 or 7 
branches; a low sheath of scales at base of dorsal and anal; small scales on base of caudal; fins mod- 
erate, origin of dorsal slightly posterior to base of pectoral; dorsal spines rather .short, the longest 
about equal to distance from tip of snout to middle of pupil, dorsal rays slightly longer; anal similar 
to soft dorsal; caudal lunate, the outer rays produced, their length nearly twice that of middle rays; 
ventrals short, reaching half way to origin of anal; pectoral rather long; equal to distance from base 
of ventrals to vent, or 1.4 in head. 
Color in life, greenish, the body crossed by numerous narrow, vertical broken orange bands; side 
of head and snout with 4 broad bright-green bands, separated by golden interspaces; the first green 
band extending from eye to upper end of gill-opening; the second from eye across cheek and opercle 
to base of pectoral; the third from median line of mandible upward and backward across cheek to 
edge of opercle; the fourth branching from this at its anterior end and extending backward to lower 
edge of gill-opening; a pair of less distinct greenish lines on median line of throat; an orange band 
across side of snout from mouth to eye, continued under eye with the third orange band; dorsal fin 
with a yellow band distally, bounded below by a narrow blue line, beneath which is a broader orange 
band; anal orange at base, bounded By a narrow blue line, beyond which the fin is greenish-yellow; 
caudal yellow, the produced rays orange; pectoral dark blue, almost black distally, the base orange, 
2 narrow blue stripes on breast below pectoral, separated by an orange interspace. 
In alcohol these colors mostly disappear, the green stripes on the head becoming pale blue and 
the orange interspaces purplish brown; dorsal pale distally, a faint median dark line beneath which 
the color is pale yellowish; anal similar, the basal portion more greenish ; pectoral with an oblong black 
bar from middle of middle rays to tip of longest rays, rest of fin yellowish or dusky-white. 
We identify with this species a single specimen (No. 03429) 6 inches long, obtained at Honolulu 
July 20. It agrees well with Bleeker’s description and plate of Julis lunaris (90, pi. 33, fig. 5). Jordan 
and Snyder had a specimen from Japan which they identified wdth Labrus lulescens Solander, and they 
expressed the opinion that that species might be the same as Labrus lunaris Linnaeus. The original 
