FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
331 
Xyriclitliys pavoninus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XIV, 63, 1839, Sandwich Islands. (From a drawing In- 
Webber, the artist of Cook’s third voyage.) 
f Iniistius munclicorpus Gill, Proe. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 145, Cape San Lucas (coll. John Xantus); Jordan & Evermann, 
Fishes North & Mid. Amer., II, 1620, 1898. 
Novacula ( Iniistius ) pavo, Steindaehner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 505 (Honolulu); not of Cuvier & Valenciennes, 
nor of Bleeker. 
Novacula pavo, Gunther, Cat., IV, 175, 1862 (Sandwich Islands). 
Novacula ( Iniistias ) tetrazona, Steindaehner, op. eit. ; not of Bleeker. 
Iniistias leucozonus Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XIX, 1899 (Aug. 30, 1900). 54, tig. 11, Honolulu, young. (Type, No. 
6137 Stanford Univ., coll. O. P. Jenkins); Jenkins, op. cit. (Sept. 23, 1893), 465 (Honolulu). 
Iniistius pavoninus, Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903) 465 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit, (Jan. 19, 
1904), 531 (Honolulu; Puako Bay, Hawaii). 
262. Iniistius niger (Steindaehner). Fig. 140. 
Head 2. 8 in length; depth 2.5; eye 6 in head; snout 2; maxillary 3.3; preorbital 2.65; interorbital 
6; L). ii-vn, 12; A. hi, 12; scales 3-28-10. 
Body short, deep and greatly compressed; head as deep as long; snout very blunt, anterior profile 
rising nearly vertically from tip to front of eye; dorsal and ventral outlines each in a long, low curve; 
Fig. 140 . — Iniistius niper (Steindaehner) . Type of I. verater Jenkins. 
caudal peduncle compressed very deep, depth 2.3 in head ; preorbital very deep, nearly vertical ; mouth 
small, nearly horizontal, the maxillary nearly reaching vertical of anterior edge of orbit, jaws each 
with a pair of long curved canines anteriorly, and a series of small bluntly conic teeth, laterally; eye 
small, very high; interorbital space high and strongly cultrate; first 2 dorsal spines remote and entirely 
detached from remainder of fin, placed upon occiput above posterior half of eye, the spines soft, 
flexible and much produced, the length of the first equaling distance from tip of snout to edge of pre- 
opercle, second shorter by a distance equal to gape of mouth, remaining dorsal spines slender and 
flexible, their length about 2.7 in head; dorsal rays slightly longer, about 2.5 in head; anal similar to 
soft dorsal, the rays about equally long; caudal gently rounded, the rays about 2.25 in head; outer 
rays of ventrals produced, reaching vent 1.7 in head; pectoral broad, its length 2 in head; scales large, 
thin, smooth, and adherent, those on breast somewhat reduced in size; lateral line rising 3 scales from 
upper end of gill-opening, thence Continued along second row of scales to the scale beneath last dorsal 
ray but one, where it drops 3 rows to middle of side, continuing on 5 scales to base of caudal; head 
entirely naked, excepting 1 or 2 small postocular scales. 
