334 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
what smaller than those on side; cheek with about 6 vertical rows of somewhat smaller scales, 2 scales 
on upper end of opercle, rest of head naked; lateral line beginning at upper end of gill-opening, curv- 
ing upward for 4 pores, thence following contour of back, until under base of last dorsal ray, where it 
drops down for 2 scales and continues to base of caudal. 
Color in life, light drab, the posterior portion of each scale white or whitish; a large dark-brown 
blotch as large as head on middle portion of body, in which the posterior half of each scale is white; 
first 2 dorsal spines dusky, no distinct markings on fins. 
Another specimen (No. 03027) was white, centers of scales anteriorly dusky, a large black blotch 
on side above tip of pectoral, covering 23 to 25 scales; preocular part of head bluish black; dorsal, 
anal, and ventrals white; caudal dusky white; pectoral white with slight yellowish shade. One 
specimen (No. 03447) when fresh dead, was gray with bluish tinge on body and fins; small black spot 
on tip of anterior dorsal; large black area on side of body 7 scales wide and about 7 scales deep; below 
this an area of scales bluish with white margins, this extending a little farther backward than the 
black area. 
This species is sometimes very dark, almost black, as is shown by 3 specimens from Hilo, one 
of which (No. 03478) was in life dirty olive, paler mesially, the head livid dusky, the anterior part of 
body to tip of pectoral black; fins all mottled blackish, no markings; very faint paler lines below, and 
a very faint shade of olive in places; no real markings, save the black anterior half of body. A 
smaller specimen, probably a male, had lower half of black area to front of anal deep violet blue. 
Color in alcohol, yellowish white, head, nape, and breast with bluish rosy wash; middle of side 
with a large brownish-black blotch, about 6 scales in length and 9 in depth, the distal portion of each 
scale whitish; detached dorsal spines dark, rest of dorsal and anal pale, purplish and orange at base; 
caudal dirty whitish distally, purplish at base; pectoral and ventrals pale yellowish white; eye with 
a silvery ring around pupil, surrounded by light brassy, annexed by purplish blue. 
This species is known only from the type and 15 other specimens obtained at Hilo and Honolulu; 
these are 4.75 to 8.75 inches in length. 
Hemipteronotw undrrfkdm Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XIX, 1899 (Aug, 30, 1900), 53, fig. 10, Honolulu (type, No. 6135, 
Stanford Univ. Coll. Dr. Jenkins); Jenkins, op. cit. XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 464 (Honolulu). 
265. Hemipteronotus baldwini Jordan & Evermann. Plate XXXIX. 
Head 3.25 in length; depth 3; eye 5.75 in head; snout 1.75; maxillary 3; preorbital 2.2; inter- 
orbital 4.8; D. ii-viii, 13; A. in, 13; scales 3-27-9. 
Body moderately short and deep, greatly compressed; head slightly deeper than long; anterior 
profile nearly vertical from mouth to front of eye, sharply cultrate; dorsal outline gently convex, sloping, 
to the deep caudal peduncle;' ventral outline less convex; caudal peduncle very narrow, the depth 
2.25 in head; mouth small, horizontal, the maxillary nearly reaching vertical of orbit; the jaws equal, 
each provided anteriorly with a pair of strong curved canines and laterally with a single row of short 
close-set. conic teeth; lower jaw strong, its outline very convex; preorbital nearly vertical and very 
deep; preoperele and opercle smooth, with membranous edges, the latter produced somewhat in a 
broad rounded flap; origin of dorsal but little posterior to orbit, far in advance of base of ventrals; 
first 2 dorsal spines somewhat removed from third but connected to it by a low membrane, their length 
scarcely greater than the gape of mouth; remaining dorsal spines short and weak, scarcely equaling 
gape; soft dorsal low, the rays slightly longer than the spines; anal similar to soft dorsal, rays some- 
what longer; caudal slightly convex, rays 2 in head; outer ray of each ventral somewhat produced, 
not reaching vent, the length about 1.9 in head; pectoral broad, the longest rays 1.7 in head; scales 
large, thin, smooth, firmly attached, those on breast somewhat reduced; head naked, except about 4 
series of small scalesextending from eye downward to level of mouth; lateral line curving abruptly 
upward from upper end of gill-opening, following contour of back to the scale under third dorsal ray 
from last, where it, drops 3 rows and continues to base of caudal, the pores simple, unbranched. 
Description based upon the type, No. 50844, U. S. Nat. Mus. (field No. 03414), a male example, 
8.5 inches long, obtained at Honolulu. 
Color in life (field No. 03123) pale, yellowish white over head and body; a diffuse lemon-yellow 
blotch under and above pectoral; a large brownish-black blotch on lateral line under seventh to tenth 
dorsal spines; dorsal fin yellowish- white, tip of detached part with a jet-black orescent (this marking 
variable in position, sometimes being farther posterior), rest of fin faintly mottled with yellowish 
