FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
347 
Dorsal spines soft and flexible, their length about 4 in head; dorsal rays somewhat elevated, the 
longest 2.7 in head; anal high, similar to soft dorsal; caudal slightly lunate in adult, truncate in the 
young, the lobes rounded, not produced; ventrals short, about 2 in head; pectorals longer, the free 
edge oblique, 1.5 in head, the breadth one-third its length, membranes of spinous dorsal, anal, and 
ventral fleshy. 
Color in life, body, head, and fins all dull red, becoming a lighter red on lower parts and darker 
to a dusky reddish brown on upper portion of body; no distinct markings anywhere except a narrow 
violet line on outer margin of dorsal and anal fins; iris brown. Another specimen (No. 03365) was in 
Fig. 148 . — Callyodon minialus (Jenkins); from the type. 
life brown washed with red; basal half of all the fins brown red, distal half paler, of a bright pink, 
this especially true of caudal and anal; ventrals pink like the breast. 
In alcohol the color fades to a dull dusky or reddish brown, the caudal peduncle paler; the fins 
all pale dusky yellowish. 
This is one of the largest and most important species of this genus in Hawaiian waters. It is not 
very common and brings an extravagant price in the markets, being eaten raw at native feasts or 
“luaus.” The collection contains a dozen specimens, 5.5 to 19 inches long, all from Honolulu. 
Scams miniatUs Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XIX, 1899 (Aug. 30, 1900), 62, fig. 20, Honolulu (type, No. 12144, Stanford 
Univ.; coll. O. P. Jenkins); ibid., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 470 (Honolulu). 
275. Callyodon perspicillatus (Steindachner). “ Vhuuliuli .” Fig. 149. 
_ Head 3.1 in length; depth 2.9; eye 9 in head; snout 2.2; interorbital 2.35; D. ix, 10; A. i r, 10 (9 or 
10) ; scales 2-24-6. 
Body short, stout and compressed; dorsal and ventral outlines about evenly arched; head as deep 
as long, compressed; snout very blunt, its anterior profile perpendicular, as high as long; no canine 
teeth evident; eye high, median; caudal peduncle deep, 2 in head. 
Fins moderate, origin of dorsal over upper base of pectoral, rays higher than spines, last ray but 
one longest, 2.5 in head; last anal ray slightly the longer, last but one 2.2 in head; caudal very slightly 
lunate; ventrals not reaching vent by half their length ; longest ray 1.8 in head ; pectoral broadly falcate, 
longest ray 1.3 in head. 
Scales large and thin; 4 scales before dorsal, a single row of 5 scales on preopercle, a single scale 
under the last posterior scale in the row, lower edge of preopercle with a single row of large scales; 
3 rows of lai’ge scales on opercle; last scale of lateral line very broad and large, more than half the 
width of caudal peduncle and much the largest scale on the fish; 4 scales in front of ventrals; lateral 
line following curvature of back to the row of scales except one under the last dorsal ray, then dropping 
down 1 row and continuing on middle of caudal peduncle to base of caudal ; pores with 2 tubes 
generally, sometimes with 3 or more. 
