FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
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broader dusky whitish hand; last ray of dorsal greenish to tip; anal same color as soft dorsal; caudal 
greenish blue on the outer rays, spotted with blue and green on basal two-thirds, the middle rays 
narrowly tipped with blue green with a narrow subterminal purplish black line, rest of middle rays 
whitish ; ventrals pale blue on the inner rays, white on middle rays, and bright blue on the outer rays; 
pectoral bluish on base and anterior part, pale dusky otherwise. 
Color description based upon a specimen (No. 05758), 9.5 inches long, which had been in formalin 
about 2 weeks. Older specimens are of course more faded and the colors correspondingly less 
distinct. 
This is one of the most abundant species of the genus among the Hawaiian Islands. We have 
examined 13 specimens, all from Honolulu, 2 collected by the Albatross in 1891, 7 by Dr. Jenkins, 
and 4 by us. Length, 8 to 14 inches. It is doubtfully distinct from C. balaviensis (Steindachner). 
Scarus gilberti Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XIX; 1899 (Aug. 30, 1900), 59, fig. 17, Honolulu (type, No. 6140, Stanford 
Univ.; coll. O. P. Jenkins); ibid, XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 471 (Honolulu). 
284. Callyodon formosus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). 
This species is thus described: Jaws smooth; a small posterior canine; head flat; nape a little ele- 
vated; eye placed high; lateral line simple. 
The fish in a faded condition shows traces of green streaks under the throat, and near the eyes an 
area with scattered spots, apparently red. Dorsal and anal green, striped with an undulating band of 
blue. Caudal green with a violet line above and below which joins a vertical line of the same color at 
the end of each ray, thus limiting on the base and on the 2 outer rays of the caudal an area prob- 
ably red in life. Pectorals bordered with blue, the ventrals apparently not. 
Two specimens, 7 inches long, obtained at the Sandwich Islands by Eydoux & Souleyet. 
To this Guichenot adds, from the same specimens, body rather elongate; posterior canine teeth 
present or absent; suborbital scales in 2 rows, the lower covering a large part of preopercular limb. 
Caudal truncate, the angles moderately produced. Color grayish blue, sides yellowish green spotted 
with reddish . Head with a large yellow spot crossed by a horizontal streak of green and bounded 
above by a stripe of the same color. Caudal bounded by a red stripe, otherwise green like the dorsal 
and anal, which are crossed by a blue stripe with wavy edges; pectorals and ventrals yellow,- edged 
with blue. 
This species appear to be close to Callyodon km, la and C: gilberti. No specimens have been seen 
by us. 
Scarus formosus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XIV, 283, 1839, Sandwich Islands; Eydoux & Souleyet, Voyage 
Bonite, Zool., II, 191, pi. 6, fig. 3, Sandwich Islands, same type. 
Pseudoscarus formosus , Guichenot, Mem. Soc. Ijnp. Cherbourg, 1865, 57 (Eydoux & Souleyet’s specimen). 
© 
285. Callyodon lauia (Jordan & Evermann) . “ Lauia.” Plate XLIII. 
Head 2.8 in length; depth 2.7; eye 6.75 in head; snout 2.6; preorbital 4.8; interorbital 2.8; D. ix, 
10; A. hi, 9; P. 13 on one side, 14 on other; scales 2-25-6. 
Body short, stout, and compressed; head heavy; snout rather short, bluntly rounded; dorsal and 
ventral outlines about equally arched, anterior profile slightly concave before the eyes; nape strongly 
convex; mouth small, nearly horizontal, in axis of body; upper jaw with 1 or 2 moderately strong 
backwardly directed canines; a similar but smaller canine sometimes present on lower jaw; cutting 
edge of upper jaw fitting outside that of lower; teeth white; eye small, entirely above axis of body; 
opercle with a broad short flap. Scales large, their surface with fine lines and granulations; nape and 
breast with large scales; cheek with 2 rows of large scales, about 7 in each; subopercle and lower limb 
of preopercle each with a row of scales; opercle with large scales; lateral line broken under last dorsal 
ray, reappearing 1 row lower down and continuing to caudal fin, the pores with 2 to 4 branches; a 
series of these oblong scales along base of dorsal and anal; base of caudal with 3 or 4 very long, thin 
scales. Dorsal spines soft and flexible, not pungent, the longest about 2.7 in head; soft portion of 
dorsal somewhat higher, especially posteriorly where the rays are about 2.4 in head; anal spines soft 
and flexible, the first obscure, the third about 4.3 in head; anal rays higher, the last but one longest, 
3 in head; caudal deeply lunate, the 3 or 4 outer rays above and below produced, length of middle 
rays 2.3 in head, or 2 in outer rays; ventrals moderate, not reaching vent, 1,9 in head; pectoral broad, 
the free margin oblique, length of longest rays 1.3 in head, 
