404 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
329. Callicanthus lituratus (Forster). Plate LX" and Fig. 177. 
Head 3.8 in length; depth 2.2; eye 5 in head; snout 1.2; interorbital 3.4; D. vr, 29; A. ii, 30; P.16. 
Body oblong-ovate, the greatest depth at base of third dorsal spine; dorsal outline nearly straight 
from tip of snout to origin of dorsal fin, thence in a long low curve to caudal peduncle; no horn or 
prominence on forehead; ventral outline strongly convex from posterior part of chin to origin of anal, 
thence curved uniformly with the back; chin strongly concave, the snout projecting; mouth small, 
horizontal, in line with axis of body; jaws each with a single series of close-set, bluntly pointed canines 
of moderate size, the edges not serrulate; groove in front of eye short, not half length of orbit; gill- 
opening long and oblique, equaling snout, its upper end in line between upper base of pectoral and 
base of second dorsal spine; interorbital evenly convex, the preocular edge of orbit somewhat prom- 
inent. Body velvety; each side of caudal peduncle with 2 strong horny plates each with a strong, 
broad flat, spine curved forward, these little developed in the young; in the example upon which this 
description is chief!}' based (No. 03493, 12.25 inches long), these spines are nearly as wide at base as 
high, the chord of the posterior edge being longer than orbit; distance between tips 3 in head; first 
dorsal strong, broad at base, rugose, its length about 2.1 in head; dorsal spines heteracanthous, alter- 
nately strong and weak on opposite sides; dorsal rays somewhat longer than the spines, especially 
anteriorly; anal spines shorter, of about equal length, about 3.6 in head; ventral spines strong, reach- 
ing midway between bases of first and second anal spines, their length 2 in head, pectoral longer, 1.2 
in head; caudal evenly lunate, the lobes greatly produced and filamentous in the adult male the fila- 
ments in an example 12.25 inches long (No. 03493) being 3. 5 times length of middle rays; in specimens 
Nos. 05379 and 05381, which are nearly of equal size, the former has the lobes more than 3 times the 
middle rays, while in the latter they are not at all filamentous, the fin being simply lunate. 
Color in life (No. 03386) , nearly uniform black, slightly olivaceous below, a lemon-yellow stripe 
in front of eye forward on snout and curving downward just back of angle of mouth; another yellow 
stripe beginning behind eye extending downward as a narrow line along edge of preopercle, then 
curving forward and joining the other near angle of mouth; lips orange; breast and belly to anal with 
a lemon-yellow stripe blending into the general color; base of anal burnt umber, then changing to 
yellowish, then very black, the edge tipped with light blue; spines on caudal peduncle set in a deep 
orange-yellow blotch, the spines themselves blackish; caudal blackish, the produced rays entirely 
By error named Acanthurus unicornis on plate. 
