FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
415 
We have 6 examples, 8 to 9.25 inches long, all from Honolulu, where the species is rather common, 
though less so than in Samoa. Known also from Johnston Island. 
Batistes aculcatus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 328, 1758JIndia; Bleeker, Atl. Ichthy., V, 120, 1865, pi. 216, fig. 3 (East Indies 
on all islands); Gunther, Cat. Fish., VIII, 223, 1870 (lie de France, Johanna, Zanzibar, Molucca, Amboyna, China, 
Fiji, Seychelles); Day, Fishes of India, 690, 1878, pi. cixxviii, fig. 3; Smith & Swain, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., V, 1882, 
139 (Johnston Island). 
Batistes omatissimus Lesson, Voy. Coquille, II, 119, 1830, pi. x, fig. 1, Borabora. 
Batistes annatus Cuvier, ROgne, Anim., Must., pi. cxn, fig. 2, 1846, Indian Seas. 
Batistes stri.atus Gronow, Syst. Nat. Ed. Gray, 32, 1854, American Seas. 
BaUstapus aculeatus, Jordan & Fowler, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXV (Sept. 17, 1902), 259 (Nafa, Japan); Snyder, Bull. U. S. 
Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Jan. 19, 1904), 534 (Honolulu). 
Genus 186. CANTHIDERMIS Swainson. 
This genus differs from Balistes chiefly in having the gill-openings surrounded by. ordinary scales, 
there being no developed bony scutes behind them. Body much more elongate than in Balistes; dorsal 
spines 3; dorsal and anal elevated in front; caudal with its angles acute; scales moderate, not very 
rough; scales of caudal peduncle unarmed, or with a median spine; cheek completely scaled; a naked 
groove before eye. Species inhabiting both Indies. 
Qanthidermis Swainson, Class’ll. Anim., II, 325, 1839 ( angulosus ). 
a. Dorsal in, 26; scales 55 or 56; color brown, with round or ovate whitish spots angulosus , p. 415 
aa. Dorsal hi, 28; scales 44; color uniform brownish above, sides shining golden aureolas , p. 415 
338. Canthidermis angulosus (Quoy & Claimant). 
D. in, 26; A. 24; scales 55 or 56. 
Tail without spines or tubercles; scales very conspicuously granulated and provided with a larger 
prickle at the base, which is prominent in young examples, but disappears more or less with age. 
From 31 to 39 scales in a transverse series running from the origin of the dorsal fin to the vent; no 
enlarged scales behind the gill-opening; anterior parts of the dorsal and anal fins much elevated, more 
so in the adult than in young examples; caudal subtruncate; ventral spine short, somewhat, ankylosed 
with the pelvic bone. 
Color brown, with round or ovate whitish spots, in young examples these spots more indistinct 
and mixed with darker spots of the same size, and pure white dots; sometimes uniform brown or 
uniform deep black (Gunther). (Description of Canthidermis rotundatus, called “Bali, stes macuhdus” ). 
The only record of Canthidermis from the Hawaiian Islands is that of Quoy and Gaimard, who 
described as a new species, Balistes angulosus. The following is a translation of their description: 
“Balistes, with black body; blunt snout; short sharp antrorse dorsal spine; dorsal and anal tins 
triangular; caudal short, rounded. 
“ 2° D. 23; p. 15; A. 20; C. 12. 
“The form of this balistes is subovoid; its forehead is broad, with a small keel in the middle; its 
snout rounded; its teeth are incisor-like and pointed; the mouth and the eye are small. It is somewhat 
behind the latter that the short and strong spine of the first dorsal rises, which presents in front three 
lines of spines. 
“The dorsal and anal fins are elevated, triangular, obtuse, directed backward, and one is nearly 
as large as the other; however, the first has twenty-three rays and the second has only twenty; the 
lobe of the tail is quadrilateral and the fin rounded; the pectorals very small, directed upward, are 
composed of fifteen rays. The body is black and covered with small scattered prickles, with a trian- 
gular base and bent backward. 
“The length of this fish is 3 inches; its depth 20 lines, and its thickness 6. It inhabits the waters 
of the Sandwich Islands.” It is perhaps different from C. rotundatus of the East Indies and C. macu- 
latus of the West Indes. 
Lalistes angulosus Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, Zool., 210, 1824, Sandwich Islands. 
339. Canthidermis aureolus (Richardson). 
Dorsal m, 28; anal 25; lateral line 44; tail without spines or tubercles, but with indistinct raised 
lines along the series of scales; no enlarged scales behind the gill-opening; dorsal and anal fins not 
elevated, caudal truncated; ventral spine not movable, short. Uniform brownish above, sides shining 
golden; fins without color. Dorsal spine of young examples (1 inch) with recurved spinelets. 
