FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
431 
rounded, median rays equal to snout; pectoral wide, distal edge slightly concave; upper rays longest, 
2.66 in head. Body and head everywhere except on caudal peduncle covered with small asperities 
consisting of small, erectile, two-rooted spines directed backward; spines largest on belly. 
Color in alcohol, dark brown above and on sides, belly pale yellowish; dark jjarts with numerous, 
regularly distributed, path (apparently bluish in life), round or polygonal spots; spots largest on sides 
where the brown ground-color appears as a network between them, obsolete on fore part of head in 
one specimen, extending distinct to tip of snout in a smaller one, none smaller than pupil, those on 
sides three-fourths of eye in diameter; dusky ring about eye, most conspicuous above; fins colorless. 
As was stated by Doctor Jenkins, this species is very similar to G. punctatissimus (Gunther). Its 
distinction rests on a difference in the color pattern, the spots being fewer and generally more widely 
separated than those of C. punctatissimus. The distended belly, an alleged distinctive character seen 
in the type specimen of C. jactator, is merely the result of the specimen having been preserved while 
distended with air. In 3 specimens from Laysan Island, measuring 2.56, .3.07, and 3.66 inches, 
respectively, the spots on the sides of the head are nearly as large as those on the body; those on the 
upper part of the snout are about half as large; there are 7 or 8 on a line between upper part of eye 
and tip of snout. Those on the snout and upper part of head and nape are narrowly bordered with 
dark brown. On the body there are about 13 spots in a line between the dorsal and anal tins, and 6 
in a vertical line near the middle of caudal peduncle. The largest example has an indefinite dark 
spot below the base of dorsal fin. In life the spots are light blue. Most of them are as large as the 
pupil, and so close together that the brown ground color appears as a network. 
Three examples from the reef at Honolulu measure 1.46 inches each. The spots on the upper 
part of the snout and head are very small, 5 in a line between upper part of eye and tip of snout. 
They are ocellated, as are also the spots along the back to the base of dorsal. There are 7 or 8 spots 
in a line between anal and dorsal fins, and 4 in a vertical line near middle of caudal peduncle. The 
cotype collected by Doctor Jenkins in Honolulu also has large spots on the snout. 
C. punctatissimus, represented by 8 specimens from Panama, has from 7 to 10 small ocellated spots 
in a line on upper part of snout. The spots on the back from nape to base of caudal are small and 
have dark margins. There are from 11 to 23 spots between anal and dorsal, and from 8 to 15 on the 
caudal peduncle. One example has 4 short lines extending backward from the eye. A specimen 
from the Galapagos Islands referable to C. punctatissimus has the spots on the sides of the snout fused, 
forming vertical bands. There are 3 short bands or elongate spots radiating backward from the eye. 
The species was not obtained by us, the only specimens known being the 2 examples, 1.5 and 2.5 
inches long, respectively, obtained by Dr. Jenkins at Honolulu, and 6 examples collected by the Alba- 
tross, 3 at Honolulu and 3 at Laysan Island. 
Tropidichthys jactator Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm, for 1899 (June 8, 1901), 399, fig. 11, Honolulu (Type, No. 49703, U. S. 
Nat. Mus. Coll. O. P. Jenkins); ibid., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 485 ( Honolulu); Snyder, op. eit. (Jan. 19, 1904), 535 
(Hon olulu ; La y san Isl an d ) . 
Tetrodon mcirgaritatus solandri, Steindac*hner, Denks. Ak. VViss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 518 (Laysan); not of Richardson. 
