FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
451 
nostrils with ciliated fleshy flap; third and fourth dorsal spines longest, 2.75 in head; anterior dorsal 
ray longest, 1.6 in head; second anal spine longest, 2.6 in head; first anal ray longest, 1.65 in head; 
margin of caudal convex; pectoral short, 1.5 in head, lower rays little free at tips; ventrals pointed, 
reaching vent, spine 1.6 in longest ray; scales moderately large, cycloid; small scales on bases of soft 
dorsal, soft anal, caudal, and of pectoral; no scales on snout above or on lips; lateral line nearly straight, 
not concurrent with dorsal profile. 
Color in life (from No. 03401) olivaceous, with narrow longitudinal lines of cardinal-red on back, 
becoming deep brown on lower surface; a broad white band on back posterior to base of caudal, where 
it becomes purple; head purplish-red, more or less deep red along margin of maxillary above, preor- 
bital region, and side of mandible posteriorly; an orange spot with scarlet edge on lower margin of 
preopercle; below and posterior to margin of preopercle, blue with 3 orange bands with scarlet 
margins, the median with a blotch of green; interorbital width, snout above and tip of upper jaw deep 
olivaceous, the lower lip, groove between nasals and maxillaries, and anterior nostrils, orange; patch 
behind and above eye olivaceous, bordered narrowly with light blue, cardinal-red, and orange; 
margin of orbit blue-green; iris cardinal-red; chest purple; rudimentary caudal rays greenish yellow; 
fins clear blue-green; basal portion of caudal membranes paler blue; row of scales at base of soft dorsal 
bluish. 
A fresh specimen 4 inches long (No. 03194) from Honolulu had sides faded red; an oblong olive- 
brown spot back of eye bordered by an orange line, which, in turn, was bounded by an orange-red 
line; upper lip rosy; tip of lower jaw and maxillary yellow; subopercle rosy white with 3 crossbars of 
orange red; chin rosy; throat black; spinous dorsal red, black at tips; soft dorsal rusty rosy at base, a 
middle blackish line, yellowish on outer half; caudal rosy; upper lobe yellowish at tip, the lower 
blackish; anal pale rosy at base, smoky black at tip; pectoral pale rosy; ventrals dull rosy, blackish 
edged; iris rosy with some yellow. 
Color in alcohol, faded dull or pale brown, dark on back above; a white band on posterior part 
of back to caudal very distinct in all examples; deep brown blotch behind and above eye with narrow 
white brown border; 3 white streaks below preopercle with dark borders; branchiostegal region dusky; 
margin of spinous dorsal faintly blackish, the same color continued as a narrow blackish band across 
soft dorsal; margins of ventrals and anal below dusky; fins otherwise pale. 
There seem to be 2 patterns of coloration, the white streak on back posteriorly and the generally 
paler coloration distinguishing typical individuals at all ages and in alcohol as well as in life, while in 
the other pattern the white stripe is never present, the general coloration is more rosy in life, and in 
alcohol the body is uniformly darker. Some specimens have a broad wash or band of pink on each 
side of back, covering most of the length of trunk. 
This beautiful species is abundant at Honolulu, from which place we have 62 specimens. We 
have also 8 examples from Hilo and 2 from Kailua, ranging from 2.75 to 5.4 inches in length. Speci- 
mens were collected by Jenkins, Jordan and Snyder, the Albatross, and by us. 
Cirrhites arcatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Ill, 74, 1829, Isle of France (on Perea areata Parkinson MS.); 
Gunther, Fische der Siidsee, II, 70, pi. 49, figs. B & C, 1874; Gunther, Shore Fishes Chall., I, VI, 59, 1880 (Honolulu). 
Cirrhites vittatus Cuvier, Regne Animal, Ed. 2, 146, 1829, no locality given. 
Cirrhites (Ambly cirrhites) arcatus, Steindachner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 490 (Honolulu). 
Cirrhitus arcatus , Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 107 (Hawaiian Islands). 
Paracirrhites arcatus, Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 491 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit. (Jan. 19, 
1904), 527 (Honolulu). 
Genus 206. CIRRHITUS Lacepede. 
Body oblong, compressed, formed much, as in Scisena, covered with large cycloid scales; head 
rather obtuse; scales on cheek very small; premaxi llaries not produced; teeth on vomer and palatines; 
jaws with small canine teeth; anterior nostrils fringed; preopercle evenly curved, its edge finely 
serrate; soft parts of vertical fins scaled at base; dorsal rays 11 or 12; caudal truncate. 
This genus contains several species, only one of which is known from the Hawaiian Islands. 
Cirrhitus Lae6pede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 3, 1803 (maculatus) . 
