474 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
A fresh specimen (No. 03433) from Honolulu was drab above, white below; orange spots less than 
pupil over top of head and dorsal portion of body ; 4 transverse bands of golden on caudal fin; pectoral 
covered with dusky golden spots smaller than pupil anteriorly, larger and less distinct posteriorly; a 
bright bracket-shaped yellow band on upper side of dorsal about one-third distance from base to top, 
concave side toward base; spinous dorsal membrane olivaceous with dusky golden spots; soft dorsal 
membranes transparent, rays with alternating white and olive areas; ventrals golden; anal transparent 
with golden color on rays. 
Color in alcohol, dull purplish brown, with rather large dark round spots on the back, lower 
surface whitish; spinous dorsal and pectorals blackish, median and basal portion of the latter first 
whitish, then running into grayish out on fin; pectoral with blackish and grayish spots. 
We have examined 6 examples from Hilo, 3 from Honolulu, and 1 from Molokai, ranging in 
length from 6.5 to 14 inches. 
One specimen was obtained by Doctor Jenkins at Honolulu in 1889, and the Albatross collected 
specimens at Honolulu; Puako, Molokai; Hanalei Bay, Kauai; and Lahaina, Maui. 
Dactylopterus orientalis Cuvier it Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., IV, 134, pi. 7(i, 1829, Indian Ocean; Gunther, Fische der 
Siidsee, 169, 1877 (Sandwich, Society, and Paumotu islands); Steindachner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 
498 (Honolulu). 
Dactylopterus japoriicus Bleeker, Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind., VI, 1854, 396, Waka, Japan. 
Dactylopterus cheirophlhalmus Bleeker, Nat. Tyds. Ned. Ind., VII, 1854, 494, Banda; Neira. 
i ep'i ilacanthus orientalis, Fowler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1900, 516 (Sandwich Islands) ; Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 
XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 499 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. cit. (Jan. 19, 1904), 536 (Honolulu; Puako, Molokai; Hanalei 
Bay, Kauai; Lahaina, Maui).« 
Suborder TRAC H IN O I DEI. 
Ventrals typically i, 5, jugular, sometimes with the rays reduced; nostrils, jaws, shoulder-girdle 
and suborbital normal; scales various; gills 3.5 or 4; dorsal spines comparatively few; soft dorsal and 
anal fins long; tail diphycercal. 
a. Hypercoracoid pierced by a foramen Ptcropsaridse, p. 474 
aa. Hypercoracoid without foramen. 
b. Preopercle entire; operele and subopercle reduced, each consisting of a nearly straight, sharp, simple spine; gill- 
openings wide; no lateral line Harpagiferidse, p. 477 
bb. Preopercle armed with a strong spine; gill-openings small; lateral line present Callionymidx, p. 477 
Family XC. PTER0PSA RID/E. 
Body oblong, covered with scales; ventrals i, 5, jugular; hypercoracoid pierced by a foramen; no 
subocular lamina. Species numerous, mostly tropical. 
a. Gill-membranes united, free from the isthmus; dorsal notched, not separate, 
b. Palatines without teeth; middle spines of dorsal highest; caudal tin deeply forked Osurus, p. 474 
bb. Palatines with teeth; last spines of dorsal highest; caudal tin not forked Neopercis , p. 476 
aa. Gill-membranes nearly separate, free from isthmus; dorsal fins separate. 
e. Maxillary with a fleshy flap at its tip; preopercle with 2 small spines at its angle; operele with 2 spines. 
Bembrops, p. 476 
cc. Maxillary without flap; preopercle entire; operele with 1 distinct spine Pteropsaron, p. 476 
Genus 222. OSURUS Jordan & Evermann. 
This genus is allied to Parapercis, from which it differs in having the caudal fin deeply forked 
instead of truncate. 
Osurus Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902 (Apr. 11, 1903), 206 ( Parapercis schauinslandi) . 
a Cottus filamentosus Sauvage in Vaillant & Sauvage, Rev. Mag. Zool. (3), III, 1875, 279, described from the Hawaiian 
Islands, seems to be Gymnocanthus intermedins Schlegel, a common Japanese species, and belonging to a group which does 
not occur in Hawaii. 
