FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
475 
393. Osurus schauinslandii (Steindachner). Figs. 209 and 209a. 
Head 3.25 in length; depth 4.8; eye 4 in head; snout 3; interorbital 6; maxillary 2.25; mandible 
2.1; D. iv, 21; A. 18; P. 16; V. 7; scales 7-60-13. 
Body elongate, compressed; head rather large, its depth 1.5 in length, width 1.4; upper profile of 
head convex, gently rising from snout to nape; snout rather long, broad, convex; mouth large, 
slightly inclined, maxillary reaching a little beyond front margin of eye; lips rather broad, fleshy; 
teeth minute, in rather broad bands in jaws, with an outer series in each slightly enlarged; enlarged 
canines in front of both jaws, and several on side of each ramus of mandible; vomer with a crescentic 
patch of minute teeth; nostrils very small, separated a little, anterior with slight elevated rim; inter- 
orbital space rather narrow, flattened; opercular margin with a sharp spine above, lower spine with 
denticulations; gill-opening large, membrane broad, adnate to isthmus; scales small, ctenoid; occiput, 
cheeks, and opercle covered with small ctenoid scales, head otherwise naked; lateral line superior at 
first, then gradually sloping down to base of caudal; dorsal spines robust, strong, third longest, with 
rather broad fleshy flaps; dorsal rays slender, flexible, anterior longest, second 2.75; anterior anal rays 
longest, third 2.75; caudal elongate, deeply forked, lobes equal, 3.6 in head; pectoral with median 
rays longest, 1.5; ventral pointed, 1.4; caudal peduncle compressed, short, its depth 3.3 in head. 
Color when fresh (No. 03434) with black spots on dorsal fin surrounded by red; scarlet lines from 
snout through eye bordered on each side with yellow; first dorsal bright opaque scarlet, with dark 
blotches near base; membrane of second dorsal transparent, rays yellow and rosy; outer margin of 
anal rosy, inner portion transparent; blotches on sides rosy, the upper row darker. 
No. 03032 in life was rosy on head and body; belly white with pale yellowish-white extensions 
into the rosy of side; cheek rich rosy; opercle and side of snout with some yellow; lower jaw and 
throat yellowish-white, the jaw tipped with orange; a few dark rosy spots on top of head; dorsal white 
with a series of about 10 brownish-black blotches toward outer part of membranes, each surrounded 
by faint yellow; membranes of first 3 spines black at base, reddish orange above; anal pale orange; 
caudal reddish orange, distal half of lower lobe black, and 2 rather distinct red spots at base; pectoral 
pale rosy, yellowish at base, and in axil; ventrals pale yellow; iris rosy. 
