85 
found in the caverns of Oreston. 
which unequivocally show the effects of ossific inflammation 
on their surface; (Fig. 1.) and the lower jaw of a young 
wolf, in which an abscess on each side had produced sinuses, 
and a considerable alteration in its form and texture. * 
Fig. 2, and Fig. 3- 
All the bones from these caverns which have come under 
my observation, are clearly referable to animals of known, 
and still existing genera, as will appear by the following enu- 
meration : but it is a curious circumstance, that, with the 
exception of the very few belonging to the deer, they all 
appertained to animals entirely differing from those found in 
the immediate vicinity in the former instances. 
Of the bovine genus, there are specimens of the bony core 
of the horns belonging to three individuals of different size ; 
(Fig. 4.) all of them remarkably short, conical, and slightly 
curved, and standing in a nearly horizontal direction from the 
head. They evidently do not belong to very young animals, 
and from the appearance of these alone, a very small species 
would be inferred ; but numerous specimens of the teeth, of 
the os humeri, ulna and radius, os femoris, tibia, os calcis, 
metacarpus and metatarsus, and phalanges, (Fig. 5.) clearly 
prove that they belonged to individuals considerably larger 
* On mentioning this circumstance to Professor Buckland, he informed me 
that he had lately seen in the Collection of Professor Sommerring of Munich, the 
skull of a very old hyaena from the caves of Gaylenreuth, in which the incisor and 
canine teeth, with the jaw containing them, had been entirely torn away, and the 
occipital and parietal crest dreadfully fractured and perforated, apparently in an 
affray with some more powerful animal ; after which, a healing, and partial renova- 
tion of the parts had taken place, and the animal had lived on to mature old age, 
from the state of its masticating organs. 
