42 
TRANSFORMATIONS OF INSECTS. 
distinct from each other, but are a little altered in form, although 
not yet enlarged. The sub-cesophageal ganglion is enlarged to 
nearly twice its original size, and the cords which join it to the 
brain are shortened, and so are those that connect the second, 
METAMORPHOSIS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF Vanessa urticce. 
i. Nervous system of full-grown larva. 2. Half an hour before changing. 3. Immediately 
after change into a pupa or chrysalis. 4. One hour after changing. (After Newport.) 
third, fourth, and fifth ganglions. The last two are separated 
only by a short interval. The fifth, sixth, and seventh are drawn 
closer together, the ends between them are disposed in a zig-zag 
manner, and the longitudinal direction of the nervous chain is 
in consequence altered. 
The ganglions, from the seventh to the terminal one, remain as 
