THE FISHFS OF PORTO RICO. 
93 
Color in spirits: Grayish, obscurely mottled with darker on back, plain white below; no distinct 
longitudinal lines in adult; the young have the back more distinctly mottled, sometimes with regular 
bars, with diffuse regular blotches along lateral line and with more or less distinct longitudinal stripes; 
tins plain. 
Three examples, 5.5 to 14 inches in length, from Puerto Real, Boqueron, and Isabel Segunda, and 
two young from Fish Hawk station 6063 in Mayaguez Harbor, in 75 fathoms. 
Salmo fallens Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. XII, 613, 1766, South Carolina. 
Osmcrus albidus Lac6p6de, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 229, 1803, Carolina; after Linnaeus. 
Coregonus ruber Lac6pede, Hist. Nat. Toiss., V,263, 1803, Martinique; after Plunder. 
Esox salmoneus Mitchill, Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc., I, 1815, 442, New York. 
Saurus longirostris Agassiz, Spix, Pise. Brasil., pi. 43, 1829, Brazil. 
Saurus mexicanus Cuvier, R6gne Animal, ed. II, vol. 2, 314, 1829, Mexico. 
Saurus spixianus Poey, Memorias, II, 304, 1861, Cuba. 
Synodus fastens, Jordan & Evermann, 1. c., 538, 1896. 
Fig. 16 . — Synodus foelens. 
Family XX. AULOPIDtE. 
Allied to the Synodonlidx, but with the maxillary separate, well developed, and dilated behind. 
Hypocoracoids extended downward, as in many spiny-rayed fishes. Gil lrakers mostly long and slender, 
needle-shaped. Eyes normal, large or small. No luminous spots; jaws without fang-like teeth. 
Dorsal fin moderate, nearly median in position; body elongate. Pectorals present, normal in form 
and position; adipose fin normally present. Pseudobranchiae present. 
Fishes of moderate depths, chiefly Atlantic, including, as here understood, about six species. 
Genus 30. CHLOROPHTHALMUS Bonaparte. 
Head elongate, body subterete, covered with moderate-sized, adherent, pectinate, or ctenoid 
scales arranged in straight, parallel, oblique lines. Mouth rather large, maxillary well developed, 
dilated behind, reaching to beyond front of orbit; lower jaw projecting. Teeth very small, sharp on 
jaws, vomer, and palatines, usually minute teeth on tongue. Eye very large. Dorsal short, inserted 
before middle of length of body; adipose fin small; anal short; caudal forked; pectorals and ventrals 
well developed, ventrals inserted under the dorsal and not far behind pectorals, none of the rays 
forming exserted filaments. Gill-openings wide. Branchiostegals 10. Pseudobranchise well developed. 
Gillrakers needle-shaped, rather numerous. 
Color, silvery, with darker markings. 
Deep-sea fishes, resembling smelt. Of four known species, only one is from Porto Rico. 
a. Eye 2 in head; scales 60 to 63 agassizii 
aa. Eye 3 in head; scales 45 to 52. 
b. Dorsal rays 11; depth 6.25 in length chalybcius , 44 
bb. Dorsal rays 8; depth 5.5 in length truculentus 
45. Chlorophthalmus chalybeius (Goode). 
Head 3; depth 6; eye 2.5; snout 3.5; interorbital 7; maxillary 2; mandible 1.8; D. 9; A. 6; scales 
51; pectoral 1.5; ventrals 1.6; height of dorsal 1.4; of anal 2.5; length of caudal lobes 1.4; least depth 
of caudal peduncle about half that, of body. 
Body terete; head rather large; mouth large; maxillary long, broad at tip, reaching front of pupil; 
lower jaw somewhat projecting; eye very large; minute teeth on jaws, vomer, palatines, and tongue; 
