326 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
anteriorly, becoming front rim of orbit, concave in front of eyes; pectoral short; longest rays of 
vertical fins moderate; scales large, deciduous. 
Color, somewhat mottled light-brown. 
This description is from a single specimen taken by the Fish Hawk at station 6063, in Mayaguez 
Harbor. Total length 57 mm., the only specimen of this species taken. After comparison with a 
large number of specimens in the U. S. National Museum, we have decided that the present specimen 
is a female, the lack of spines on head being coincident with a narrow interorbital. Our example 
corresponds exactly with many females of similar size in the National Museum collection. The wide 
interorbital in other species has been found associated constantly with the male when any difference 
of this kind existed. For comparison, and because the horned fish may be met with, a description of 
an individual, presumably a male, taken in deep water in the Gulf Stream, is here given: Total length 
77 mm.; head 3.5; depth 2.25; eye 3; interorbital 6; snout 4.5; maxillary 2.25; pectoral 2.15; D. 74; 
A. 60; scales 45. Head broad, wider across front of eyes than in female; muzzle less sharp; inter- 
orbital wide anteriorly, narrowing behind, concave, a ridge extending across from back part of upper 
orbit to side of anterior orbit in front (in the female this makes the ridge between the eyes); a sharp 
slender spine projecting forward from edge of upper part of the snout; 2 smaller ones from point of 
upper orbit; small one from side of snout near tip extending somewhat to one side; 2 from front of 
orbital rim or lower eye; knob at symphysis of lower jaw; head, as in the female, everywhere scaled. 
Fins evidently once had brown blotches. 
Formerly collected in deep water of Gulf Stream off southeast coast of New England; off Sand 
Key, Florida, in 44 fathoms; and in the Gulf of Mexico southward of Cape San Bias, in 60, 111, and 
142 fathoms. 
Citharichthys unicornis Goode, Pror. U. S. N. M. 1880, 342, Gulf Stream southeast of New England; Jordan & Evermann, 
1. c., 2G83, 1898. 
278. Citharichthys spilopterus Gunther. 
Head about 3.75; depth about 2.25; eye 7.8; snout 5.8; maxillary 2.5; pectoral 2; P. 82; A. 61; 
scales (pores) 48. Body moderately elongate, much compressed; snout short, forming an angle with 
profile; jaws strongly curved, upper somewhat hooked over lower; lower jaw slightly included; maxil- 
lary reaching to posterior margin of lower orbit; teeth small, in a single row, anterior a little enlarged; 
interorbital area a low, narrow ridge, which is divided anteriorly; gillrakers short and rather slender; 
scales finely ctenoid on colored side; origin of dorsal above anterior edge of upper eye, slightly on blind 
side; origin of anal slightly behind base of pectoral. 
Color, light-brown mottled somewhat with darker; indistinct blotch on lateral line under tip of 
pectoral, one about middle of straight portion, and one at base of caudal; vertical fins with narrow 
elongate spots on rays vertically arranged, sometimes in pairs at more or less regular intervals. 
Description taken from specimen, 148 mm. total length, from Mayaguez. Everywhere abundant 
on sandy shores of the warmer parts of western Atlantic, in shallow water; specimens recorded from 
South Carolina, Florida, Cuba, and Brazil. The Porto Rican collection contains numerous individuals 
from Mayaguez, Aguadilla, San Antonio Bridge, San Juan, Playade Ponce, Palo Seco, Vieques, Caballo 
Blanco Reef, Puerto Real, Boqueron, and Fajardo. 
Citharichthys spilopterus Gunther, Cat.., IV, 421, 1862, New Orleans, Santo Domingo, and Jamaica; Jordan & Evermann 
1. c., 2685, 1898. 
Citharichthys cayannensis Bleeker, Comptes Rcndus Acad. Sei. Amsterdam, XIII, 1862, 6, Cayenne; name only. 
Citharichthys guatcmalcnsis Bleeker, Neder. Tydschr. Diork.,1864, 73, Guatemala. 
279. Citharichthys arenaceus Evermann & Marsh, new species. 
Head 3.8; depth nearly 2; eye 6; snout 5; maxillary 2.2; pectoral 1.8; D. 74; A. 54; pores 51. 
Body elliptical, rather deep; head deep; mouth large; snout not very prominent, making but a slight 
notch in front of upper eye; interorbital narrow, concave; eyes small, not close together; lateral line 
not arched, but from upper end of gill-opening directed slightly downward to about in a line with tip 
of pectoral, whence it extends directly backward to caudal fin; scales of colored side (left) finely 
ctenoid, with accessory scales along region of lateral line; rays of vertical fins and caudal with small 
scales, as is usual in flat-fishes; ventrals with 6 rays each. 
