422 
BULLETIN OE THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
Strombus gigas Linnaeus. 
Strombus gigas Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, p. 745, 1758. 
Strombus gigas Reeve, Conch. Icon., vi, pi. ii, fig. 2, 1850. 
Shell with about twelve whorls, which are concave on the spire, being furnished with a ridge 
near the base that on the later ones becomes nodulous, the nodules of the last two whorls strong and 
spiked; the surface has faint, revolving sculpture, which sometimes develops into low, indistinct ridges 
on body whorl; outer lip greatly expanded, rising above into a rounded or somewhat pointed wing as 
high as or higher than the spire; lip notch large, near base; basal notch wide. The shell is covered 
with a horn-colored epidermis which often peels and falls off; the shell is buff-colored to tawny; outer 
lip pale pink, becoming deep pink within the aperture; columella and parietal wall rich pink. 
Length, 25; diameter, 20 cm. 
Arroyo; San Antonio Bridge, San Juan; Ponce Reefs, Porto Rico; Ensenada Honda, Culebra, 
many young. 
A magnificent shell. The animal is used extensively for food throughout the West Indian region, 
and the shells are manufactured into cameos and sometimes produce valuable pearls. 
Strombus pugilis Linnaeus. 
Strombus pugilis Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, p. 744, 1758. 
Strombus pugilis Reeve, Conch. Icon., vi. pi. xvi, figs. 39-41, 1851. 
Shell with about eleven whorls, which are sculptured with revolving threads on the spire and 
the base of the body whorl; earlier whorls with fine, longitudinal ribs, which generally develop 
into nodules later, and into spines on the last two whorls; outer lip slightly thickened, winged and 
projecting forward above, widely spread, with an open canal next to the spire, notched below 
somewhat above the base, the base also notched, the shell being very thin at this part; columellar 
callus covering the base of the shell. The shell is covered with a rather thick epidermis, under which 
it is brownish, reddish, orange, or straw colored, the aperture and base being brilliantly colored. 
Length, 80; diameter, 55 mm. 
Mayaguez; Playa de Ponce; Boqueron Bay, Porto Rico. 
An abundant and variable species, which is sometimes destitute of spines, and this form Grnelin 
called S. alatus. In most of the West Indian forms the spines stand at right angles to the axis of 
the shell. In a majority of the Floridian specimens they are less developed and point upward. 
Occasionally the shell is straw colored or nearly white within; in some of the Floridian shells the 
interior is blue purple, and without it is sometimes variegated with zigzag lines. 
Specimens tend, in the West Indies, toward a smaller size, more prominent spines, and a pale 
salmon-pink tint, the more southern and eastern the locality from which they come. 
Strombus costatus Grnelin. 
Strombus costatus Grnelin, Syst. Nat., p. 3520, 1792. 
Strombus accipitrinus Reeve, Conch. Icon., vi, pi. vii, fig. 12, 1850. 
Shell sculptured with low, revolving ridges, which become mere threads on the spire; whorls of 
the spire nearly flat, with occasional, irregular tubercles; on the back of the shell at the shoulder 
there are several strong tubercles or knobs, and below these on the body whorl the surface is pinched 
up into wavy folds; lip very thick, smooth; the subbasal notch wide and shallow; basal notch shallow. 
Color white, sometimes marbled indistinctly with brown. 
Length, 160; diameter, 110 mm. 
Culebra Island, one adult; Mayaguez, one young; Aguadilla, Porto Rico (Gumllach); West Indies. 
Strombus bituberculatus Lamarck. 
Strombus bituberculatus Lamarck , An. sans Vert., vu, p.202, 1822. 
Strombus bituberculatus Reeve, Conch. Icon., vi, pi. xm, figs. 30 a , b, 1851. 
Aguadilla; Quebradillas; San Juan, Porto Rico (Gundlach). 
Strombus gallus Liunteus. 
Strombus gallus Linnteus, Syst, Nat., ed., x, p. 743, 1758. 
Strombus galhis Reeve, Conch. Icon., vi, pi. ix, fig. 18, 1850. 
Aguadilla, Porto Rico (Gundlach). 
