176 
THE FIELD. 
[Saturday, 
nion WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE, 1634. 
vonx. im. 
o. y. n. m. 
Feb. 33. Saturday n .19 o.si 
„ '-'a, Sunday 1.31 1.48 
„ 27, Monday 2.18 2.34 
„ 28, Tuesday 2.87 3.18 
mob*. r.vzs. 
n. >i. n. m. 
Mar. 1, Wednesday.... 3.37 XM 
„ 2, Thursday 4.14 4 38 
„ 8, Friday 4..V 3- 3 
„ 1, Saturday 0.23 5.39 
To »i)»D Hrnn Wat™ at tbe subjoined planes, take the above time at London 
Bridge, and odd or subtract the time in tlie following Table. 
SI’ It TRACT rnou LOXDOX niUDOE. 
Brighton. .. 
Boulogne... 
Calais 
Chester Bar. 
Dublin 
Dover Pier. 
Dnnnosc . . . 
Gravesend.. 
Greenock.... 
Greenwich . 
Mavro 
it. M. 
. 3 0 
.2 41 
2 19 
.3 37 
3 32 
2 SB 
. 2 57 
. 4 23 
. 0 37 
4 13 
n. 
Harwich 2 
Ipswich 2 
Lowestoft 3 
Margate 2 
Needles 4 
Nore 0 
0«tond. 1 
Portsmouth . . 2 
KamagAte 2 
Shoreliam .... 2 
Southampton 2 
Spithead.. .... 4 
add to nosnos iminaE. 
n- u. 
37 Amsterdam.... o 68 
7 Antwerp 3 18 
37 l Brest 1 89 
2 Bridport 3 S3 
32!) Cherbourg .... o 23 
SgjlCnrdlgan. 4 S3 
12 Cork 2 23 
27 1 Downs 3 31 
47 'Exmouth 4 18 
62.Fowcy 3 23 
27 'Guernsey 4 23 
37 I Hamburgh.... 3 S3 
it. u. 
Humbcr.mth. 
of 3 23 
Land's End... 2 23 
Leith o is 
MtlfordHaven3 38 
Plymouth.... 3 21 
Rotterdam.... u 63 
Torbay 3 S3 
Weymouth..,. 4 23 
Whitby 1 38 
WisboOCh 8 23 
■Youghal 2 63 
mersion of the broad, flaring side to leeward. Place her in 
an inclined position, and the motion of the water upward 
and backward, passing under its surface around the augles 
and irregularities, will bo very varied, and, as may be readily 
conceived, not particularly conducive to speed. The double 
keel will not oppose twice the resistance of a single one to 
leeway, but will offer its full proportion of friction. A keel, 
at any rate, is of no use in running with a free wind, and 
when on the wind a centre board will answer the purpose 
equally well, and may bo raised or lowered to suit the 
varying requirements. Small vessels may bo made as strong 
without them, and the handling of the weight, with the 
assistance of counterbalance springs, as applied to the yacht 
Maria, is a very simple matter. The U. S. schooner 
“ Notice of motion by Lieutenant Ford. 
“That no shifting ballast be allowed in the matches of the club. 
“ Also to fix a day for the opening trip. 
“ Gentlemen are requested to observe, that the name 0 f 
any member in arrear of his subscription, will not be 
printed in the new list of members published in April next 
by which ho will be liable to forfeit all the privileges of the 
club - “C.F. Chubb, Hon. Sec. 
“ P.S.— Members are reminded, that the meetings are 
now held on the 1st and 3rd Friday of every month. Mr. 
Joyce Swift, 199, Strand, has been appointed sole Sutton 
Agent to the club.” 
CLUB MEETINGS, 1864. 
Feb. 27, Monday. .. .Prince of Wales Model Yacht Club Meeting. 
Mar. 1, Wednesday Meetings of the Royal Thames Yacht Club, and 
Birkenhead Model Yacht Clob. 
3, Friday ... .Meeting of the Prince of Wales' Yacht Club. 
4, Saturday ..Meeting of the Royal Harwich Yacht CInb. 
6, Monday Meeting of the London Model Yacht Club. 
7 Tuesday . .Meeting of the Royal .Mersey Yacht Club. 
” 15 Wednesday .Monthly Meeting of the Liverpool Yacht Club. 
” 16, Thursday I. Ball of the Royal London Yacht Club. 
17 Friday ... .Lecture before the Prince of Wales Yacht Club. 
” 20,’ Monday Meeting of the Royal London Yacht Club. 
April 1, Saturday . .Meeting of the Royal Harwich Yacht Club. 
5, Wednesday .Meeting of the Birkenhead Model Yacht Club. 
19, Wednesday. Monthly Meeting of the Liverpool Yacht Club. 
May 24, Wednesday (Queen’s Birthday), Annual Meeting of the Royal 
Victoria Yacht Club, at the Thatched Houso 
Tavern, St. Jomes’s-sireet. 
SAILING MATCHES. 
March —.—Match between the Irresistible, Mr. Gardner, P.W.Y.C., and 
the Blnc-eyed Mold, Commodore Tuckwell, L.M.Y.Club. Course, 
from Erlth to the Chapman and back. Stakes to be posted at Thp. 
Field offleo at 12 o’clock on Tuesday next. 
April Match between the Idas, sailed by Mr. Gunner, and the 
Albatross, sailed by Mr. liemcastle. Course, Blaekwall to Graves- 
end and back. , „ ^ 
May 3rd— Private match between Jessica and Sirocco, L.Y.C., pro- 
vided it blows a single reefed breeze. 
NAVAL ARCHITECTURE. 
[From “ The New York Exhibition Illustrated.”] 
Under the abovo heading, we gave at pages 127 and 128, 
in the 59th number of " The Field,” parr of tbe paper on 
Naval Architecture published in the “Record” ut New 
York. We aho copied therefrom two illustrations, and 
to-day borrow a diagram, giving also the remaining portion 
of the paper itself. 
A beautifully executed model of the clipper-ship, N. B. 
Palmer, as constructed by Jacob A. Westervelt & Co., shows 
the disposition of the timber and bracing, and forms a com- 
plete study. If a ship were divided in i'.3 length into a 
number of sections, those in the middle would rise, and at 
the ends would sink from the common level, producing the 
effect termed “hogging.” Again, when a ship is heeled in u 
wind, the action of the water on the inclined surface of the 
bow occasions a lateral curvature, amounting, in an English 
man-of-war, where provision was made for observing with 
accuracy, to a departure of one inch and a half from a straight 
line, or a variation of three inches on the two tacks. 
These, and vurious other strains, and the necessity for dis- 
carding useless material, require a scientific disposition of 
timber. The tendency to hogging is guarded against by 
solid floors to resist the compression below, and direct con- 
nections above, extending the whole length, to sustain the 
tension which obtains there, as in a beam loaded at the ends 
and supported in the middle. The iron braces which are 
frequently used to strengthen the hull, and when double form 
a lattice work crossing on the sides at right angles, might be 
more advantageously disposed us an arcli springing from the 
unsupported ends and rising as high as possible amidships. 
Clipper ship Whirlwind, modelled by Robert Underhill, 
Length 209 feet ; hreadth 40 feet, and depth 20 feet. Clipper 
ship Vision, of 750 tons custom-house measurement. Length 
on deck, 150 feet; moulded breadth of beam, 32 feet 4 
inches, and depth 20 feet; modelled by Ananias Dekke, of 
Boston. The Vision has full water-lines aft, but is also lull 
below, and is in this respect inferior to the Whirlwind. The 
latter has steamboat ends, and, being proportionally longer, 
has more acute angles. 
U. S. mail steamer Illinois, built by Smith and Dimon. 
The midship section of this model is placed uft the middle of 
the length, aod it is likely the body would be improved by 
shifting a portion of the buoyancy at the foremast to about 
tbe mTzen. She has something of the English full after- 
body, but not carried out so completely as in the Georgia by 
the same builders, and would be more easily steered and 
propelled had the rise of the lower after-lines been earlier 
commenced. 
There is also a model of a steamship proposed by Darius 
Davidson, which demands attention, on account of the 
magnitude of ils dimensions. The length of keel is 700 feet, 
and of deck 500 feet ; beam 80 feet, and depth fit) feet. It 
is to be propelled by sixteen engines, indicated in the model 
by eight sets of smoko pipes placed along the deck; and her 
time in crossing tbe Atlantic, it is anticipated by the san- 
guine Mr. Davidson, will be inside of live days. The 
pojnted ends, projecting 100 feet from the body of the hull, 
would make capital adjuncts to a machine for diving pur- 
poses. A fal.-e bow, similar to the above, was tried on the 
steamboat Albany in 1838, and discarded. 
William A. Sillen exhibits a good model of a ship, to 
which he has attached a card, stating that having discovered 
a diversity of opinions as to the proper shape for insuring 
the desired sea-going qualities in a ship, he concluded there 
was some mistake in the ordinary theory, and was led to 
lusiitute a series of peculiar experiments, by which ( mira - 
bile dictli ) he was convinced that the water does not pass 
along the ship's 6ide8 and bottom in linos parallel to the 
surface. Diagonals, or proving lines, have been employed 
In laying down a ship’s lines ever since drawings were used 
in their construction. 
Proposed plan for a yacht Petrel, by F. S. Copley. At 
the load water-line this vessel will possess no stability, and 
the motion easily induced will abruptly cease on the im- 
Onkahye had a section similar to that of the Petrel (with 
the exception of the double keel), and was indebted to it for 
constantly endangering her spars, and ultimate loss by 
capsUing. 
Tlio French department of the Exhibition contains a 
model of a steamer propelled -by submerged wheels, pre- 
cisely similar to those known in America as Hunter’s 
patent. A pair of ordinary radial wheels are placed horizon- 
tally in the vessel below the water-line, with the paddles 
projecting from the sides. Restricted as they necessarily 
aro in size, an engineer would at once anticipate un enormous 
slip, amounting, in the applications of this plan made by 
the United States Government, to about fifty per cent. 
Even to the most unprofessional, one would think this pro- 
position of carrying wheels and wheel houses (the latter, 
moreover, filled with water) inside the hold of the vessel 
would be preposterous. 
PRINCE OF WALES YACHT CLUB. 
Owing to the evening of yesterday week turning out wet, 
only about thirty members attended the conversazione at the 
Freemason’s Tavern. A discussion took place on the various 
methods of lowering boats from vessels, and Mr. Clifford 
attended with his patented invention, and explained very 
satisfactorily the principles upon which his apparatus is made. 
It is at onco simple and effective, and can be controlled by 
ono man in the bout, with uuy weight or number of persons as 
freight. It consists of two lines running from the davits 
through a double block round a capstan under the thwart of 
the boat, tiie lines boing endless. A cleat is attached to the 
upper part of the thwart, round which the person working it 
can take a turn, and thus hold on or slack off instantaneously ; 
and the moment the boat reaches the sea, by letting go the 
lines, they run off, leaving the boat free; uud whichever 
way tho tide is running, thcro is no possibility of the boat 
hanging by either stem or stern. Tho cost of tho apparatus 
is 41. to each boat. Mr. Clifford deserves great praise for 
bis invention, which is entitled to success. We hope, by- 
and-by, to notice the bont-lowering apparatus of Mr. 
Russel), as well as that of Mr. Lacon. The date of the next 
meeting of the club will be found in our list above. 
The following circular has been issued this week: — 
“ Sir, — I beg to inform you, that at the next monthly 
meeting of this club, to he held at 8 n.m , on Friday, the 
3rd of March, at the Freemasons’ Tavern, the annual 
election of all the officers will take place, and the following 
notices of motion will come under discussion, and put to 
the vote : — 
“Notice of motion by Dr. Guest. 
“ That after 1864, fifteen tons be the maximum tonnage of yachts 
allowed to sail In the matches of the club. 
ROYAL LONDON YACHT CLUB. 
The monthly meeting of this Club was held on Monday 
last, at the Club-house, in the Adelphi, when thirty-eight 
gentlemen sat down to the bouse dinner. The business of 
the evening commenced at eight o’clock, when the chair 
was taken by Commodore James Goodson. Twenty- two 
gentlemen were ballotted for and duly elected, among whom 
were Sir Fitzroy Kelly, M.P. ; the Rev. J. D. Addison, 
yacht Morn, 34 tons ; Lieut. Atkinson, R.N., yacht En- 
chantress, 10 tons; Mr. J. G. Robinson, yachts AriadDe, 
23 tons, and Vixen, 25 tons; Mr. J. Mumford, jun., yacht 
ltomp, 9 tons ; Mr. W. Addison, yacht Oberon, 8 tons ; 
and Mr. R. Pearce, yacht Aphrodite, 3 tons; and about a 
dozen gentlemen were placed on the list for ballot at the 
next meeting. Mr. Arthur Jonson was elected one of the 
measurers of the Club for the ensuing year, and the sailing 
committee were empowered to revise the Club laws and 
sailing regulations. In the course of the evening the Com- 
modore stated that as we now were on the eve of a war, if not 
actually at war, he thought lie might, for onee, break the 
usual rule, that no toasts should bo proposed at the monthly 
meetings, in favour of those gallant and brave men who 
were already in the Black Sea, and also those who were about 
to proceed thither, and to the Baltic, to support the honour 
and glory of their country, and to resist oppression and 
ambition, and who would, there was no doubt, add fresh 
laurels to those which already crowned the two services. 
He therefore begged to propose “ The Navy and Army,” 
which was received by the gentlemen present, nearly a hun- 
dred in number, in tho most enthusiastic manner. After 
some capital singing, wound up by “ God save tho Queen,” 
tho meeting adjourned till tho third Monday in March. 
Copies of Bonner’s Yachtsman’s Gazette were somewhat 
plentiful in the Club-room, and seemed to be porused with 
evideut gratification. 
LONDON MODEL YACHT CLUB. 
We have to announce that the next and future meetings 
of this rising club will be held at Anderton’s Hotel, Fleet- 
street. It is also proposed that the monthly meetings 
shall be held on the first Tuesdays, instead of the first 
Mondays, of the month ; but this will be decided at the 
next meeting of the club, Monday, March 6th. This wall 
be the first meeting of the members held at Anderton’s. 
ROYAL ST. GEORGE YACHT CLUB, KINGSTOWN. 
The ballotting for the season having commenced, tho fol- 
lowing gentlemen were admitted last Tuesday: — The Hon. 
W. C. Talbot, of Ballincha; G. C. Doherty, Esq., son oi 
tho lute Right Honourable Chief Justice Doherty, ana 
Richard Meade, Esq., Kildare-street, Dublin. The ballotting 
