228 
THE FIELD 
[Saturday, 
about 18 tons, of which three tons were shipped to Sydney 
and two to London. According to the statement of the 
manager, the company expected within eight months to 
smelt 100 tons of metul, value in England about 14,000/. 
At Melbourne its value was about 90Z. per ton, with the 
gold taken out, which varies from 10 oz. and upwards to 
the ton. The ore, it is said, contains about 70 per cent, of 
grain tin, while, in relation to the extent of the supply, the 
manager stated to Governor Latrobe that, in his opinion, 
there were 20,000 tons of ore at one place alone, called 
Reid’s Creek, and concluded his report by the rather incom- 
prehensible assurance that, “ in a limited sense of the word, 
the supply is illimitable.” Meanwhile, the specimens for- 
warded to London have been examined, by direction of the 
Duke of Newcastle, at the Museum of Practical Geology, 
and the following reports by Professor Smyth and Dr. 
Percy indicate that this new source of wealth may possibly 
prove second in importance only to that of gold : — 
“ Having examined the mineral substances forwarded from, the 
Colonial-office, 1 find that, besides the gold ond tin ore, u few 
minute grains of magnetic iron ore arc present, and a small num- 
ber appear to he spinell (often known ns ‘spinelle ruby’) and 
topaz ; hut by far tho greater portion of the fragments, although 
presenting colours which might cause them to ho token for gems, 
proved on blowpipe examination to bo tin ore, varying in colour 
from black to jacynth brown, and yellowish. The wholo par- 
cel. if fairly selected, appears to be the concentration from a very 
rich deposit, having a much larger average grain than most of 
our tin-stream works. 
“WAMNGTON W. SMYTH, 
‘‘ Lecturer on Mineralogy and on Mining at the 
Government School of Mines.” 
“ I have examined tho specimen of ore transmitted from the 
Colonial-office to tho Government School of Mines, and I find it 
to consist of tin ore, apparently of good quality, associated with 
gold and other minerals. I have also examined the ingot of 
metal, and find it to ho tin, containing gold. I believe this 
discovery of tin ore, if it should prove nbundnnt, to bo second 
only in importance to that of gold. The minerals associated 
with the tin ore have been forwarded to the Professor of Miner, 
alogy for examination. 
“JOHN PERCY, 
“Lecturer on Metallurgy and Metallurgist lo 
the Government School of Mines.” 
Gold in England! — The following letter from Mr. 
Murchison, detailing the results of a trial of Berdan’s 
gold-crushing machine, after every possiblo means hud been 
taken to prevent any improper interference with its opera- 
tion, &c., will be perused with much interest and satisfac- 
tion. It establishes tho fact of gold actually existing in 
England in quantities which will pay for working in many 
instances. It also proves that there has been no unfair ad- 
vantage taken of certain opportunities in order to impose 
on public credulity. The triul was one which was absolutely 
necessary on tho part of mining proprietors before they 
involved themselves in heavy expenses in tho prosecu- 
tion of what promises ultimately to becomo ono of the 
most interesting and valuable branches of our mineral re- 
sources : — 
“TO THE EDITOn OF TDK MORNING CHRONICLE. 
“38, Thrcndneedlo-street, London, March 3. 
“Sir, — The importance of the gold discoveries in this country 
induces me to trouble you again witli n few remarks on the sub- 
ject, it being very desirnblo that the public should bo informed of 
the progress made in arriving at definite conclusions ns to the 
extent of the auriferous mineral, and the mode proposed for 
profitably extracting the precious metal. In order to remove all 
doubts ns to the real merits of this question of gold in England, 
it was arranged with Mr. Berdan that his machine should be 
entirely given up to a few influential gentlomon on the 23rd of 
February, when every precaution should be observed with regard 
to tho experiments tried. The ores to be operated upon were not 
token lo the works until the morning of the trials, when some of 
t ho gentlemen alluded to wero there to receive them, and a confi- 
dential person accompanied the waggons in which they wero 
curried from tho railway station. Mr. Hensman, the engineer to 
the Bank of England, with six men employed by him, attended to 
the working and feeding of the machine, and the whole operation 
was superintended by Professor Campbell. The mercury used was 
virgin, and thedoors were locked during the day, neither Mr. Berdan 
nor any of his staff being admitted. Among other experiments 
tried, about 5cwts. of gossan from a mine in Cornwall, at which 
very large quantities exist, were operated upon, the results of 
which were Sdwts. 15grs. of gold from tho 15 lbs. of mercury 
used, being at the rate of 14dwts. 12 grs. per ton, while ldwt. 
4 grs. of gold was found in the tailings, or nt the rate of 2 dwte. 
12 grs. per ton. The working of the machine was conducted 
under considerable disadvantages, the men not being accustomed 
to it, and before the gossan was completely pulverised the 
machine was stopped, owing to the breaking of the pulley wheel. 
I believe flint practically, on a large scale, the gossan of this 
mine will yield about loz, of gold per ton. Now, samples of the 
goesan from tho same lode from which the above was taken were 
assayed some time ago by two different assayors. One found little 
more than a trace of gold ; and tho other, nt the rate of only Sdwts. 
C grs. per ton. Whatever may be the cause of these differences, itis 
quite clear that in this ease at least tho triul by Berdan’s machine 
was a fair one. 1 would here merely add, that upon another 
occasion an experiment has been made upon 7 tons 0 cwts. of 
gossan from a mine in Devon, part of a much larger quantify 
raised; and a piece of fine gold, weighing C oz. 3 dwts. 8 grs., 
has been produced, ond which I shall bo nappy to show any one 
who wishes to satisfy himself on the point. To be quite on the 
safe side, I will say "that 5 dwts. per ton will pay all expensos, 
including management, &c. it is evident, therefore, that where 
lage quantities of auriferous mineral can be obtained, under ordi- 
nary circumstances, oil above 5 dwts. per ton will be profit. 
The chief caution to be observed is as to the quantity of the gold- 
hearing rock or gossan that may exist in the various mines indi- 
cated, and I believe it will bo proved that gold, like all other 
metals, will be found in the greatest aggregate abundance where 
itis moderately disseminated; that is, where the vein or rock 
contains a moderate per-centage of gold. — Your very obedient 
servant, J. H. Murchison.” 
Gold in Wales. — Some extraordinary specimens of 
gold oro were exhibited on Tuesday in the city, said to have 
been obtained from a place in Merionethshire, about five 
miles from Dolgclly, and to exist in great abunduncc. From 
the statements made with regard to it, there seems reason to 
entertain the belief of its being obtainable in largo quantities, 
but under no circumstances can the report lead the public 
into folly or loss, since any proposal to raise money for 
working the discovery would at once show it to be a delusion. 
A few hundred pounds, as the cost of a machine, is all the 
outlay that can be required, and if the ownersof the property 
have' not credit enough'to obtain that amount privately, there 
can be little need for the public to pay attention to their 
a lb gallons. — Times. 
Kutaitj aitir CJtefatL 
Death op the Bishop op Salisbury. — We mentioned in 
our yestordny’e impression the serious and sudden illness of this 
prelate, and that hopes were entertained of his lordship’s recovery. 
A change for the worse occurred, however, on Saturday evening, 
and from that time ho sank rapidly, until death terminated his 
sufferings about 6 o’clock on Monday evening. The event has 
occasioned much regret in Salisbury ; and the more so, os it was 
but little anticipated until within about 48 hours prior to its 
occurrence. On Monday last his lordship presided nt a meeting 
of tho Church Missionary Society, and entertained a party of 
clergy ond gentlemen to dinner at the Palace. On the day 
following he proceeded to Portsmouth to witness the embarkation 
of troops for the East, ond, while so doing, caught a violent cold, 
which, supervening on a morbid condition of the liver, induced 
constipation, and a complete derangement of the biliary functions, 
terminating in black jaundice and death. His lordship was 
nominated to the see in 1837, ond was only in his 53rd year. — 
Times, of Wednesday. 
Oxpord, March 0 . — Death op tub Mastbr op Balliol 
College. — Before the University had well recovered from the 
gloom cast on it by tho decease of the late lamented Rector of 
Exeter College, another dentil bus occurred which will bo felt ns 
deeply and as sensibly. Dr. Jenkyns, the Master of Balliol College, 
breathed his last this day nt 2 o’clock p.m. Notwithstanding his 
advanced age — Dr. Jenkyns was, we believe, in his 72nd year — 
ho had enjoyed, until a short time before his death, very excellent 
health. He took almost as active a part as ever in College and 
Univcrsitv mntters, and so lately ns Friday week was able to at- 
tend tho Convocation summoned to vote on the petition which it 
was proposed to present to the Queen. He appenrs to lmve caught 
a violent cold in tho Theatre on that occasion, which brought on 
tho ailment that has terminated so fatally. No great alarm as to 
the issuo of tho attack wns felt till towards the close of last week, 
when Dr. Acland, by whom ho wns attended, expressed a desire 
for the assistance of a London physician, and in consequence of 
this Dr. Latham was sent for from town. On Saturday, the day 
of his arrival, the disease assumed a more dangerous aspect, and 
during tho night of Saturday tho critical nature of the attack be- 
came manifest. On Sunday the symptoms were slightly better, 
and some faint hopes wero entertained that medical skill would 
obtain a triumph over the disease, but in tho course of Sunday 
night it became apparent that nature wns sinking fast, and that 
lifo could not bo prolonged many hours. Dr. Jenkyns was 
fully aware that his ond wns approaching, and took leave of the 
different Fellows of the colleges sevornlly. llis wife and his 
sister (Mrs. Gaisford) continued in attendance on him to 
tho last, and Dr. Acland, his regular modical attendant, 
scarcely left his bedside. Tho immediate cause of death was, 
we understand, suffusion of water upon the lungs, producing 
suffocation. 
Portsmouth, March 8th. Signal wns made by tho Port- 
Admiral’s flagship Victory to-day, about 4 p.m., to Sir Charles 
Napier’s fleet at Spithead and in harbour, “Prepare for sea.” 
This wns followed immediately afterwards by, “ Bo prepared to 
6nil at the shortest notice.” By this it is expected a movement 
will bo made sooner than lias been anticipated. It is reported 
afloat that the fleet will rendezvons in Kiel Bay, which lias been 
surveyed by the officers of Her Majesty’s steamsioop Hocla, and 
found capable of harbouring a large naval armament. The screw 
two-decker Ajux, CO, Captain Warden, arrived to-day from 
Quecntown. 
Commander William Walker, late Queon’s ITarhour-mns- 
ter nt Plymouth, has been appointed Master of the Baltic 
fleet. 
Russian Privateers. — The New York Courrier des Etats 
T'nis of tho 18th states that tliero wore several Russian officers 
in different parts of tho United States, endeavouring to engage 
vessels and enlist men for privateering purposes ; and on the 21st 
the New York Herald published the following on tho same sub- 
ject: — “The Russian officers who ore hero now came over for 
the ostensible purpose of superintending the construction of the 
scrow propellers ordered by the Emperor of Mr. Webb, ono of 
our most eminent shipbuilders, during a recent visit paid by the 
latter to St. Petersburg. There is reason to believe, however, 
that that object forms only one, nnd that the most unimportant, 
part of the mission of these gentlemen, for facts have come to our 
knowledge which leavo no doubt upon our minds that they are 
sent hero to effect the organisation necessary for fitting out 
Russian privateers at our ports. Tliero were three of those officers 
at the Astor-house — namely, Messrs. Grumwald, Feistine, and 
Lockoloff, nnd three at the Clarendon nnd other hotels, and they 
have sub-agents scattered through this and other cities of the 
Union, busily engaged in endeavouring to carry out tho objects 
of their instructions.” The Boston Commonwealth of the 22nd 
ult. says: — “Several Russian officers visited the Portsmouth 
(Virginia) Navy Yard, and the United States’ ship Pennsylvania, 
on Wednesday, the 15th inst., and were received with the usual 
honours and a salute. The object of their visit to this country 
is to examine our ships, and to purchase vessels for their navy.” 
A report is current in London that preparations are being made 
to fit out privateers in the Grecian Archipelago. 
Arctic Service. — Commander Jenkins arrived at Woolwich 
on Saturday, and took up his commission on his appointment to 
command the Talbot, for service in the Arctic regions ; and Lieu- 
tenant Cresswell arrived the same day, and took up his commis- 
sion on liis appointment to the Archer, 14, screw corvette, at 
Woolwich. 
Smuggling.— Tliceight-onrcd gnlloy belonging to her Majesty’s 
revenue cutter Vigilant, Captain Gowlland, captured, on Friday 
evening, tho 3rd instant (Fridays are unlucky to smugglers ns 
well as true-blue sailors), off tho const of Kent, after a spirited 
chase of more than three hours’ hard rowing, a small, but very 
fust-sailing vessel, named tho Charlotte, of London, with a crew 
of tlireo Kentishmen and a cargo of forty bales of tobacco (about 
2,0001bs. weight), which wns delivered the following day to tho 
Custom House, Rochester. 
Brussels. — The statement, that tho Russian fleet is making 
preparations to leave Cronstadt, is confirmed by private letters 
from Stettin, Hamburgh, and Berlin. 
Berlin, March 2.— Russia has formally demanded that the 
combined fleets, when they shall enter the Baltic, sliull not be 
supplied with coal or provisions in any of the Prussian ports. 
The answer wns, that, notwithstanding tho strict neutrality 
which the Government of Prussia wished to observe, it wns im- 
possible to interfero with commercial relations. A similar de- 
mand has been made upon Denmark. 
Thb Baltic. — Letters have been received from Baltic Port 
announcing that tliero was open water there on the lOtli February, 
in the direction from Rogoe to tho North Point of Pnckorort. 
On tho 19th tliero wns open water os for as lluga ; and on the 
20tU it extended to the Mole. FromRevnlwe learn that there 
wns the prospect of vessels soon boing able to enter and leavo tbo 
harbour. Bolderaa was fast bound with ico on the 24th. The 
navigation nt Stralsund, according to letters dated the 27th, was 
expected to be free in the course of the following week. 
Athens, Feb. 24. — The English frigate Diamond and the 
French steamer Prometheo have left for Prevesa. A body of 
Montenegrin marauders, having invaded Albnnia, had been de- 
feated by tho Turks, with a loss of three hundred men. 
TIIE COAST GUARDSMEN SERVING IN THE FLEET. 
Tribunals op Commeuck. — I connection with this movement, 
a public meeting is to lie held on the 15th instant, nt which Lord 
Ibiiiumont, the president oi the association, will receive □ report 
from the executive co in milt): 
The following important notice lias been issued by the 
Admiralty : — 
“Pay ani> Allotments of Coast Gpardmln serving in HER 
Majesty's Suit's, unoku the Act IGtii and 17th Vic., cat. 73. 
* All men discharged flora the coast-guard service to serve in her 
Majesty s ships will be entered on the ship’s books from theal ~~ 
ceeding that on which they are discharged from the coast-miAM Snc - 
will be "borne at the same rate of pay as that which they r«*»i’. ani1 
the coast-guard. No abatement will be made on account Ia 
being victualled on board. They may allot to their wives or f-L!-. elr 
at the maximum rate of 2s. a day, or at the minimum rate of i. Ti les 
day, at their option; but as some delay must necessarily takn’ a 
before the declarations of allotment can be completed and h. Uc ® 
payable, orders will be given for immediate payment of the allntr^ 0100 
they may desire to make to their wives or families nt the above r. nls 
for one month in advance. An advance of two months’ waires .fie* 
coast-guard rate will be paid In the usual course to the men of «hi 
it will be in their power to remit the whole nr any portion the* m 
think proper to their wives nnd families; and these resources will niY y 
the means of subsistence until the allotments will come In thp *Z. oni 
of Payment. “W.A.B. Hmwr" 
Arrival of the Lightning —The new clipper-ship Light,,; 
(built for James Baines and Co.’s Black Ball line of Austral”*' 
packets) arrived in the Mersey on Saturday from Boston w;!? 
one day’s later news from Boston, after one of the fastest passa? 
ever made. Upon nn inspection of her log wo find she suil^ 
from Boston on the 19th, with a fair N.W. wind; and on the 
of March, Wind 8., fresh, at 3.30 n.m. wns in lnt. 54 N., long io 
W. ; ten days from Boston; and nt 8.30 a.m. saw Eagle Island 
light, distant ten miles, and at noon was abreast of Tory Island 
From this time until her arrival in port she experienced nothin? 
but calms. Her passage from Boston to Eagle Island has tatcU 
been eclipsed by our first-class steamers. Tho Lightning wos 
built by Mr. D. M‘Kay, of Boston, under the superintendence of 
her captain, James Nicol Forbes, of the celebrated Marco r 0 i 0 
Her leading dimensions are os follows: — Length of keel 22(1 
feet ; length of deck, 240 feet; breadth of beam, 44 feet; depth of 
hold, 23 feet (including?^ feet of between-deeks) ; nnd a registered 
tonnage of 2,000 tons. She has sharper ends than any clipn er 
ever built in the United States, nnd her lines are decidedly con- 
cavo. Her sides swell 10 inches; her rise of floor is 20 inches nt 
11 feet from the keel ; and kor spar is 4^ feet, which is graduated 
the whole length, and rises gracefully towards tho end. Tho 
wholo height of her bulwarks is 7 feet, and she has n full top- 
gallant forecastle, which extends to the fore-rigging ; and its 
deck is continued aft, and is 48 feet long and 19 feet wide. Tho 
after-cabin is 34 feet long nnd 12 wide, and 7 high, nnd is also 
wninscotted with mahogany, enamel, polished ash nnd fancy 
woods, relieved with rosewood pillars, papier mockd cornices 
and flowered gildings. It has four state rooms, two sofa re- 
cesses, and several other apartments. A splendid sofa aft, rich 
carpeting, a circular mnrblc table in each recess, nnd a mahogany 
extension table amidships. All tho state - rooms have a 
square window in the side, nnd a perforated ventilator between 
the beams, so that, for light and air, all lias been dono Hint could 
be desired. In the recesses nnd partition of tho cabin there are 
plate-glass mirrors, which give reflected views of every part of 
it. The dining saloon leads from the cabin, and is 48 feet long, 
nnd 14 feet wide. It is also wninscotted and painted pure white, 
liko enamel, nnd tastefully relieved with gilded mouldings and 
flower work. The Lightning, in addition to several passengers, 
brought a large cargo of breadstuff's, and on entering tho Mersey 
drew 21 feet of water. 
Trieste, March C.— Three Russian vessels of war, which are 
lying in this port, have just been sold. Their crews wiU return 
overland to Russia. 
FRENCH NAVY AND MERCHANT SERVICE. 
TnE Start for Turkey. — Twelve steamers are in course of 
armament at Toulon, and in a few days will be ready to sail with 
the troops destined for the East. Tho first division will leave on 
the 20th inst., and the second on the 15th of April. 
Lisbon. — March 1. — In port, the French steamers Newton 
nnd Petrel. Fob. 26. — A largo French war steamer, steering in 
for Cadiz, was passed by an English steamer arrived in tho 
Tagus. 
Privateers.— A petition is now in course of signature nt 
Marseilles, praying for the suppression of letters of marque, 
and that corsairs may he treated os pirates. A great number of 
the leading merchants of the city have signed. 
Leave of Absence. — The Minister of Marine lins issued 
orders for all officers of the navy, now on leave of absenco, to re- 
pair immediately to their respective ports. No fresh leavo of 
absence will bo granted for longer than three months, and those 
only to officers who havo been for at least twelve months on 
active service. 
Rochefort.— Tho Louis XIV., which was launched at Roche- 
fort a few days since, received the name that she bears in conse- 
quence of an order to that effect given by Nupoleon I., in 1811, 
when sho was put on the stocks. Her length, from stem to 
stern, is 80 metres (262 English feet); breadth of beam 16J 
metres (53 English feet). She measures 5,038 tons. There are 
now fitting out in the port of Rochefort, to form part of the 
third squadron, the Virginie frigate, tho steam-corvette Gassendi, 
and two smaller steamers, the Lucifer and Megere. 
Eighteen officers and four companies of marines lmvo received 
orders to leave Rochefort to join tho expeditionary army. This 
is the first time that the marines have been embodied with tho 
line, and the joy in this branch of the Bervice nt that event 
knows no bounds. Colonel Fieron, commanding the marines at 
Rochefort, at a farewell banquet to the officers about to leave, 
said to them : — “ What a splendid day now dawns upon us ! It 
responds to our dearest hopes. We are at length called upon to 
range ourselves in lino on the same field of battle with tho other 
regiments of the army, nnd to take our shore in the war of tho 
East. Our prayers are granted. Tho Emperor has decided that 
a regiment of marines, composed of equal sections of three regi- 
ments, shall be immediately formed, nnd placed under the orders 
of Prince Napoleon. Let us sing our joy, nnd oxpress our grati- 
tude to the Emperor.” 
Tho Sentinelle of Toulon says, that the marines are to furnish 
2,200 men for the expedition to the East. Toulon is spoken of 
ns one of tho principal ports for embarking. 
STEAMERS. 
OniNOCO at Malta. — Telegraphic intelligence wns received on 
Tuesday from Marseilles of the arrival of the Royal moil steamer 
Orinoco at Malta, on the 4th instnnt, with the 1st battalion oj 
the Coldstream Guards. She quitted Southampton on tho 23m 
of February, nnd therefore had a flue run of nine days. 
Constantinople, Feb. 16th. — The Inflexible and Mogador, 
British oud French steamers, returned from Varna three dais 
ogo, nnd report that the Russian fleet is in Sebastopol. 
Disastpr at Sea. — I nformation has been received nt Lloyd s 
that tho Edinburgh steam-ship, on making tho entrance to tjio 
Texol in the course of Tuesday week, struck on the BorkumBeet. 
The gale was blowing heavily from the N.W., and some of tho 
crow nnd passengers, imagining, it is thought, that the steamer 
wns going to pieces, unknown to Captain Phillips, imprudently 
took to the boats, and put off from the vessel. They consisted ot 
threo passengers, live sailors, nnd four stokers. Nothing ha* 
been heard of them, and it is feared that tho two boats were over- 
whelmed by the heavy sea which was running. After remaining 
on the reef some time, the Edinburgh was got off. 
Mail Service to India.— A meeting of the General Sore 
Steam Shipping Company was held on Monday, for the purpos 
of receiving the proposal for tho abandoning the contract mai 
service to India, and approving of a negotiation entered into wi 
her Majesty’s government for an alternate monthly man com- 
munication to Australia. The arrangement made ww»tuai 
contract time from Southampton to Melbourne be limited 
days, and 70 days to Adelaide or Sydney, and a penalty oi * 
to be imposed for every excessive day — tho return vo}"g° ‘ 
Melbourne, via Capo Horn, to bo accomplished in 67 dtiyS’ , . 
surrender of the Indian contract and approval of the A r 
service were curried unanimously. 
