348 
THE FIELD 
and that the apparatus can be set to burn gas at any pres- 
sure below that of the street gas, and burn brightly and 
steadily notwithstanding that any alteration may be mado in 
the street pressure. It was also worthy of remark, the lec- 
turer said, thut ninety-nine burners out of one hundred 
might he turned off without in the least degree affecting the 
light of tho remaining burner. The lecturer concluded his 
observations by staling that tlie facility with which this regu- 
lator can be applied to any gas-pipe now in UHe, and its 
simplicity of action, together with the economy In the con- 
sumption of gas, which is from 25 to 30 per cent., entitle it 
to tho consideration of gas consumers. 
The Optical Teleorapii. — Mr. Colquboun, late her 
Britannic Majesty’s consul ut Bucharest, has been sent, with 
a numerous suite, on a special mission to Bosnia. A I’olish 
physician has made a curious a d important discovery of a 
species of camera, or optical telegraph, by which a perfect 
rcconnoissance can bo effected at an incredible distance. It 
can bo used on horseback, and the Turks have os many as 
400 persons employed in this way about them. 
ARTIFICIAL BREEDING OF 350,000 SALMON. 
Under this bond, says tho Perthshire. Courier of April 0, 
1854, several articles have appeared in our paper for somo 
months past ; and tho extensive experiment now going on 
at Stormontfield has excited much attention in those who 
uro connected with the fishings, or have an interest in the 
natural history of the salmon. 
As these experiments ore now arriving at an important 
stage, viz., the hatching of tho eggs, and tho development of 
the young fish, it may ho ns well to take a rapid rotrospect 
of the operations, which have boon carried on thus far with 
tho most complete success. 
The artificial spawning of tho parent fish began, under the 
uhlo und skilful superintendence of Mr. Rumsbottom of 
Clltheroe, on tho 23d Novemborlast. 
After several trials of stations in tho Toy, Almond, and 
Barn, in view to procure fish sufficiently rlpo for the pur- 
pose, at lost a ford in tho Tay, near to Almond mouth, was 
successfully fixed on to make (ho attempt at artificial breed- 
ing in the Tay. This ford was at n convenient distance from 
Stormontfield, where, through tho kiudnoss of Lord Mans- 
field, und Mr. Spottiswoode, tho tenant of the Bleachfield, 
a largo pork was got, with a command of water from tho 
Mill Lade. In this purk 300 boxes were laid in 25 lines, 
with walks between each row, and each box calculated to 
contain 1,000 ova. Tlioro were also filtering bods and canals 
at tho head and foot of the rows, which canals were also used 
os breeding beds. 
The operations of spawning tho fish and filling the beds 
began on 23rd November, and finished well, tho whole being 
fully stocked on tho 23rd December. It was calculated that 
abovo 400,000 ova or eggs wore by that time deposited. 
Tills was done 60 dexterously and tenderly, so far as the 
parent fish wore concerned, that nono of them appeared to 
bo tho least injured after undergoing tho operation, which 
we described in former articles in this paper; and the whole 
of tho ova so taken would, to all appearance, have been lost 
in the river, the ford itself being planted with ova in the 
natural way 60 thickly that it resombled a well-harrowed 
field newly sown. The fish could not have got to other 
fords, os there were none unless somo miles farther up, and 
tho fish were so ripo they could not have reached them in 
time to spawn with any degree of success. It might there- 
fore ho reckoned that, unless this quantity had boen put in 
the boxes, almost the whole would have been lost to tlio 
river. 
It will thus bo soon that the first ova had been about 130 
days in the boxes, and the last 100 days. The first planted 
are now getting into life, and tho others liavo every appear- 
anco of being so in a few days. As the whole, with few ex- 
ceptions, are looking very hcnlthy, we may therefore expect 
in n short time to seo the wliolo fry swimming about in tho 
ponds. 
In the hutching, much scorns to depend on tho tem- 
perature of the ntmospliere, ns a certnin quantity of ova 
which were deposited under a spring coming from a rock 
at Barn-bill, came Into life when taken into a house 
some 50 and others 00 days after. In France the ova 
came to life in GO duys; the earliest nt Stormontfield in 120 
days. 
So fur, therefore, ns the experiment lias proceeded, it has 
proved completely successful, and does great credit to Mr. 
Ramsbottom,|who conducted the operations at first, und 
taught the men bow to conduct them uftorwnrds. With 
great knowledge and tact ho selected tho fish that were fully 
ripe, rejecting the othors, and returning them carefully into 
the river. So successful bus he been in solucting the eggs, 
that apparently not one in forty has been addled ; and the 
success as a whole, so fur as bringing the fish Into life, is 
put out of doubt. 
We think it but justico to him to state this, as whole 
yards of typo have been printed in Bell’s Life in London, 
und other newspapers, to prove thut the wholo would turn 
out a failure. Tltoy might havo wuited the results, und 
given Mr. Rumsbottom ami the experiments fuir play. 
A clever aud well-meaning writer in London is now 
printing notes on the British fisheries, wherein ho notices 
the work at Stormontfield. Ho, however, seems not to 
know much about the matter himself, but trusts too much 
to others, and argues on some disputed points as if they 
were settled facts. He says, that in five days ufter leaving 
the egg, the young fish grows as large os a man’s little 
finger, immediately proceeds to the sea, and returns the 
same year as a grilse. Now it has been found, both by 
observation by Shaw and Young, that it only grows to par 
the fii6t year. And we have now beforo us some fish that 
have been a fortnight batched, moving about briskly at times, 
but with the bag unabsorbed, which, by all accounts, will 
take five or six weeks to become a perfect fish, and then 
only about an inch long. Tho smolts are now going dowu- 
wurds to tho sea, and the small tilings are now only hatching ; 
so that it is absurd to say that these tiny, delicate tilings 
can this year go from the waters upwards of forty miles 
after becoming smolts the first year. But it i« wasting time 
to contradict such exploded doctrine. 
Mr. Tod Stoddart, who has written so much, and so well, 
on the natural history of the salmon, has lately published 
in the Kelso Mail some very candid and sensible remarks 
on the experiments now under our notice. He lias raised 
a question that will require some consideration— viz., What 
are wo to do with tho fish after being batched, as there are 
no sufficient means to keep and feed them — the ponds 
intended for that purpose being by far too small ? Now 
there is too much truth here, as all we had allowed for 
tills will not contain one-tenth of the young fish. 
There seems, therefore, nothing for It but to allow all we 
have no room for to go into the river, and feed what we 
can, and make observations on them for guidance in future 
years. 
Our breeding boxes far exceed those of France as to size 
or contents, and it would take acres of ponds to feed our fish 
as they have done. 
We must therefore allow our tender nurslings to take 
their chance against their many enemies in the river. 
Their name is legion, and even their own kind devour 
them ; a par is even a bait to catch a salmon, and the year 
old pars now in the river will devour their infunt brethren 
of this year’s hatching. Poor things, they are ill ablo to en- 
counter — 
“ The springing trout In speckled pride; 
The salmon, monarch of the tide; 
The ruthless pike. Intent on war; 
The silver eel and mottled par.' 1 
Nature, however, will protect them from many of tho last, os 
the pars are now proceeding in myriads to tho sen — with 
their mottled couts, covered with silver livery — to return, ns 
grilses, in courso of next summer. 
The question may now ho put — What good has all this 
expensive experiment done? 
It may shortly bo answered — All these 400,000 — or, 
making allowance for loss, at least 350,000— creatures have 
been brought on to a certain stuge, which otherwise might 
have been almost all lost to the river. 
It has also been shown how tho eggs of 6almon may be 
safely taken, and sent to supply seed to other rivers, where 
salmon woro never before, or if so, worn out. It will also 
show, where ground for hatching can be conveniently got 
near spawning fords, to what a great extent the natural 
means of hatching may be increased. 
It bus been so far attended with success here and in Ire- 
land ; also, in the Tweed the experiment has been successful, 
and there tho fry are now coming to life. 
Whatever success it may have in a commercial point of , 
view, much light will he thrown on the natural history of 
the salmon, and much learned ns to how the breed of these 
valuable fish may be promoted, and their number greatly 
increased. Robert Buist. 
Note. — Wo are informed that Messrs. Ashworth have 
also propagated about 260,000 young salmon near Lough 
Corrib, in Ireland, with equal success ; and Mr. W. Ayrton 
has also propagated a considerable quantity at Overton, on 
the Dee, Chester. — See Mr. Jlamsbottom’s Pamphlet. 
Artificial Propagation of Salmon. — The experiment of 
propagating salmon artificially in the Tay is progressing most 
satisfactorily. The ova in the boxes at Stormontfield have 
not, however, yet exhibited manifestations of life, but as afford- 
ing a strong — in fact, a certain presumption that they wiU do 
so — we may state that Mr. Robert Buist, superintendent of 
fishings, took a quantity of ova from the boxes there on Wed- 
nesday week, which lie placed in Ills office, and, from its high 
temperature, the ova has rapidly germinated into life. In fact, 
the young salmon may be seen in his office flitting about in a 
small basin, with the greatest spirit aud agility, apparently 
quite at home. We may udd also, if the present mild weather 
continues, it is confidently expected that in the course of ten 
or twelve days hence, there will be nearly 350,000 salmon fry 
in the boxes’. It is very much to be regretted that sufficient 
ponds have not been constructed for their reception, and the 
consequence will be that the fry will have to be sent into the 
river in a comparatively short space of time. — Perthshire 
Courier , March 30, 1854. April 4. — The weather having been 
favourable since the above date, the general hatching has com- 
menced, and the whole will be matured in the course of another 
week. [See 11 Notices to Correspondents ” — Angling — E d. 
§ifs anil Spurs. 
BOMB NEW QUESTIONS TO AN OLD TUNE. 
Gin a Briton meet a Russian 
Looking rather shy, 
To come down upon the Russian 
Won’t the Briton try? 
Gin a Russian aim at Turkey 
Whilo a Briton ’s nigh, 
When the Russian secs tho Briton 
Won’t the Russian fly ? 
Qin Sir Charley in the Baltic 
Should a Russian spy, 
Won't Sir Charley at the Russian 
Have— at oneo — a ehy ? 
Gin a Russian 'gainst a Briton 
Slinll his utmost try, 
Ere lie truckles to the Russian 
Won’t the Briton dio? — Punch. 
A Tctnitisn Will. — A testator left to his eldest son one-half 
of his horses, to his second son one-third of his horses, to 
his third boii one-ninth of his horses — the testator had 
seventoeu horses. The executor did not know what to 
do, os soveuteon will neither divido by two, by three, nor 
by nine. A Dervish came up on horseback, aud the executor 
consulted him. The Dervish said, “ Tuke my horse and add him 
to tho others.” Tlioro were then eighteen horses. The executor 
then gave to the eldest eon one-half, ‘J ; to the second eon ono- 
third, G ; to the third son one-ninth, 2 ; total 17. Tho Dervish 
then said, “ You don’t want my horse now ; I will take him 
back again.” 
Has Execution by Hanging bbbn Survived? — I have 
heard vague und indiscriminate tales of persons who, as criminals, 
huve undergone infliction of the punishment of hanging without 
total extinction of life ; but I have always been dispMed to look 
upon such accounts as mere fables, till lately, in turning over 
some newspapore of the year 1740, I found a case mentioned, 
under such circumstances that, if it were untrue, its refutation 
might have been easily accomplished. By The Crqftsman of 
Saturday, Sept. 27, 1740, it appears one William Dewell had 
been concerned in the violation, robbery, and murder of a young 
woman in a barn at Acton (which place has so recently been 
the sceno of nnothor horrible crime). The Craftsman of 
Saturduy, Nov. 21), 1740, states that Dewell having undergone 
execution, and being brought to Surgeons’ -hull to be anatomised, 
symptoms of life uppeared, and he quite recovered. This strikes 
me os a most unaccountable story ; but perhaps similar ones 
may have been met with in tho reading of boiuq of your corres- 
pondent#.— From Kota and Qurriej, 
gltibertisements. 
THE CHARGE FOR ADVERTISEMENTS 
J- "The Field ” Is at the rate of ‘ ln 
SIXPENCE per LINE, 
The minimum charge being 2s. 6d. for Five Lines and undiT 
Payment must be made in Cash or by Post-office Order to the 
PUBLIC SPEAKING. — Members of Parliament 
1 Clergymen, Barristers, &c., are Instructed privately i n pr or ,,' 
TION, by Frederick Webster, Professor of Elocution to the ft 
Academy of Music, on a principle which combines grace with i 
quence, eradicates all defects of speech, assists the memory, and imnlS" 
fluency and a skilful arrangement of the ideas In exteninm-nn„ arl 
oratory.— 38, Weymouth-strcet, Portland-place. 1 ncou ’ 
No. 194. THE DISCARDED SON. 
This edition contains all the best dramas of modern tiino s > 
Sheridan Knowles, Bnckstone.C. Mathews, Tyron" Power, Mark r„ m ,y 
J. It. Planclie, T. H. Bayly, B. Webster, Mrs. C. Gore, T. J. g?,,"' 
K. B. Peake. Boiirricaull, Coyne, J. M. Morion, T. Morton p 0 „, 
Kenney, Lovell, Marston.C. Dunce, Lover, Baylo Bernard, Mrs. s 
Hall, Oxenford, M. Barnett, T. Parry, &c.— Each Humberts Illustrated 
and eucli volume has a highly finished portrait of a popular „ u ’ 
thvir.— Among the series will bo found— Tho Serious Family 'h ‘ 
Wreck Ashore, Green Bushes, Itory O'Morc, the llrnlrtl, Oliver Twin* 
Wiiife Horse of the Poppers, Nicholas Nickleby, Married I, if-, Grj. ’ 
Darling, Isaac Walton, Dr. DiIwortli,SchooI for Scandal, King O'Neil 
His Last Legs, Vlctorine, Brian Boroehino, The Fortunes of Soilke' 
Grandfather Whitehead, Ctcsar de Bazun, Peter Wilkins, Cricket 0I j 
the Hearth, Old Heads and Young Hearts, Used Up, Hmnlet, Sweet- 
hearts und Wives, Hearts are Trumps, The Vicar of Wakefield, 
pliegor the Mountebank, Tarluffe, the Stranger, Tho Man of j., u 
Mind your own Business, Slave Life, or Uncle Tom's Cabin, n l0 ' 
Camp of Ciiobliam.— Price Sixpence. 
W. S. Johnson, 00, St. Martin's Lane. 
ft RAND POULTRY SHOW AT BATH, J unc 
vJ 7th, 8th, and 9th, in connection with the Bath and West ot Eng- 
land Agricultural Society, but with a separate entrance and sub! 
scrlptlon. 
Director and Steward— Jonathan Gray, Esq 
T he Honorary Secretary will forward Prize Lists and Certificates of 
Entry on application : all Certificates must be returned to him on or 
before the 10 th of May, or Exhibitors will be excluded: all Advertise- 
ments for the Catalogue must be forwarded to him by tho loth o( 
May. 
By the kind liberality of the Great Western, Bristol and Exeter, und 
South Devon Railway Companies, all Poultry will be conveyed to and 
fro free of carriage, provided the same are not sold. 
HENRY SPACEMAN, Honorary Secretary, 
C, Terrace Walks, Bath. 
YACHT.— WANTED TO HIRE, for three or four 
-L months, a CUTTER YACHT, of from 80 to 110 tons, with good 
accommodation and well furnished. Geo. Bayley und Wm. Ridley, 
2, Cowper's Court, Cornhill. 
HENRY PEAT, 
HUNTING SADDLER, 
14, OLD BOND-STREET, 
LONDON. 
ARTHUR DAWSON, 
DEALER IN HORSES, 
116, STEPHEN’S GREEN (WEST), 
DUBLIN. 
THE LONDON PRINTING and PUBLISHING 
-L COMPANY — Completely Registered and Incorporated on the 
24th February, 1864, in pursuance of the acts 7th and 8th Viet,, cap. 110. 
Capital £200,000, in 40,000 shares of £5 each. Deposit £1 per share. 
directors. 
Edward Buxton, Esq., Chairman. I Henry Moore Brownrigg, Esq. 
Jas. Ainsworth, Esq., Manchester. Marsham Elwin, Esq. 
Lieut. -Colonel J. S. Brownrigg. | Robert Edward Holme, Esq. 
John Tallis, Esq., and E. T. Brain, Esq., Managing Directors, 
Bankers. — Messrs. Williams, Deacon, and Co. 
Secretary.— C. B. Rogers, Esq, 
Solicitors.— Messrs. Wilson and Bristow, 1, Copthall-buildings. 
Offices. — Bluecoat-bulldlngs, Christs Hospital, London. 
Tills Company is now formed, and has taken over the extensive and 
lucrative Printing and Publishing business recently carried on by 
Messrs. John Tallis and Co. Detailed Prospectuses and Form of Ap- 
plication for Shares may be had of tho Secretary, at the Company's 
Offices; or to Messrs. J. Wilson and Sons, 80, Old Broad-street, or H. 
Christie, Esq., 2, Copthall Chambers, London, the Company's Brokers. 
M ONEY — The sum of £4,000 is ready to be invested 
In one or more sums, either in the purchase’ or by way of Mort- 
gage, upon life interest, in dividends from the Funds, Reversions, or 
East India Pensions. Apply with particulars to Mr. Kent, II, Beau- 
fo rt-buiidings, Strand, 
DANCY POULTRY.— PERIODICAL SALE. — Mr. 
J- J. C. Stevens will sell by auction ut his Great Room, 38, King- 
street, Covenl Garden, on Tuesday, 1 8th April, at 12 o’clock precisely, 
A Choice Selection of White Cochins, from the yard of G . H. 
Preston, Ihq., of Great Yarmouth, Fine Buff' Birds from T. Shackle, 
Esq., of Hayes, some flrat-class White, Golden and Silver Polands, from 
W. G. Vivian, E=q., of Singleton. A few Brahmas and other fancy 
varieties. Catalogues by enclosing a stamped directed envelope to Mr. 
J. C. Strvbnb, 38, King-Street, Covent Garden. 
rrHE BEARD, WHISKERS AND MOUSTACHIOs! 
A — The unprecedented success of ROWLAND’S MACASSAR OIL hi 
producing these ornaments of Manhood is universally known and 
appreciated, and is recorded by Testimonials most numerous in them- 
selves, and certified by the highestauthorities. ThJsOil is pre-eminently 
successful in nourishing, improving, and beautifying the human Hair, 
in oil climates, and in all stages of existence. It insinuates its balsamic 
properties into the pores of the head, nourishes the Hair in its embryo 
state, accelerates its growth, cleanses It from Scurf and Dandriff, sus- 
tains it in maturity, and continues its possession of healthy vigour, 
silky softness, nnd luxurious redundancy, to the Intest period of human 
life. Prices* 0rf., 7s., family bottles (equal to four small), 10s. Oil., and 
double that size, 21s. per battle. 
CAUTION. — The words "Rowland’s Macassar Oil” are engraved 
in two lines on the Wrapper; and on the back of the Wrapper 
nearly 1500 times, containing 29,028 letters. 
Sold by them nt 20, HATTON GARDEN, LONDON, and by all 
Chemists and Perfumers. 
DO YOU WANT LUXURIANT HAIR, WHIS~- 
U KERS, &c. 7— EMILY DEAN’S CRINILENE has been many 
years established as the only preparation that can be relied upon for 
the restoration of the hair in baldness from any cause, preventing the 
hair fulling off 1 , strengthening weak hair, and cheeking gray ness, and 
for the production of whiskers, moustachios, eyebrows, &c., in tin 
or four weeks with certainly. It is nn elegantly scented compound, 
price 2*., and will be sent, post free, on receipt of 24 postage stomp', 
by Miss Dean. 37a, M&nchester-street, Gray ‘s-inn-road, London. 
At home daily, from 11 to 7, Sundays excepted. — "I have used your 
Crlmlene, and have now a good pair of whiskers.” — J. L. Hioos, 
Dudley. — "I found your Crinllene efficacious in stopping my hair 
from falling off." — Miss Forbes, Cliirbury. 
DUPTURES effectually CURED without a TRUSS. 
J-v Alt sufferers from this alarming complaint are earnestly invited 
to consult or write to Dr. LESLIE, as lie guarantees them relief in 
every case. His remedy has been successful in curing thousand' 
of persons during the last eleven years, and is applicable to every kind 
of siDgle and double Ruptures, however bad or long-standing, in male 
or female of any age, causing no confinement or inconvenience in its 
use whatever. Sent post-free to any pnrt of the world, with full in- 
structions for use, on receipt of 7s. 6d. in postage stamps, cash, or 
post-office order, payable at the General Post-office, to Dr. Herbert 
Leslie, 37a, Maucbester-street, Grav's-inn-road, London. 
At home daily, except Sunday, from 11 till 3 o'clock. APamphletOf 
Testimonials aent post-free on receipt of one postage stamp. 
/ 
