292 DR. KANE ON THE CHEMICAL HISTORY OF ARCHIL AND LITMUS. 
In the last analysis it would appear that a small quantity, 1 per cent., of the sub- 
stance had been lost. 
The formula deduced from these numbers being the same with that adopted for 
orceine by Liebig, C 18 H 10 N O s gives the result : 
18 Carbon 
= 109*8 
55*45 
10 Hydrogen. 
= 10*0 
5*05 
1 Nitrogen . 
= 14*1 1 
39*50 
8 Oxygen 
= 64*0 J 
197*9 
100*00 
differing from alphaorceine in containing three equivalents more of oxygen. 
To determine the constitution of betaorceine in its salts, an ammoniacal solution 
of betaorceine was mixed with a solution of acetate of lead, and the liquor having 
been rendered neutral by the addition of acetic acid, the fine purple precipitate which 
formed was collected, and having been washed until all excess of lead had been com- 
pletely removed, it was dried in a stove, the temperature of which did not exceed 
150° Fahr. It still, however, contained combined water, and in order to obtain it an- 
hydrous, it was dried in Liebig’s apparatus at 212°, after which it did not part with 
any more water, although oil at 280° was used as the source of heat. 1*600 gramme 
dried in this way gave 1 *377 of dry substance, hence it contained 13*94 per cent, of 
combined water. In the anhydrous state it was analysed. 
A. 1*111 gramme gave 0-313 of oxide of lead, and 0*345 of metallic lead. 
0*710 gramme of the same substance gave 0*526 of carbonic acid, and 0*131 of 
water. 
13. 0.642 of another quantity prepared at a different time, and dried in an oil bath 
at 250° Fahr. gave 0*443 of carbonic acid, and 0*105 of water. 
0*314 of the same substance gave 0*198 gramme of oxide of lead. 
The formula C 18 H 10 N O s + 3 Pb O expresses very accurately the results so ob 
tained; the numbers in 100 are 
Theory. 
Experiment A. 
Experiment B. 
18 Carbon . . 
= 109*8 
20*62 
20*49 
19*35 
10 Hydrogen 
= 100 
1*88 
1*93 
1*82 
1 Nitrogen . . 
= 14* 1 1 
14*66 
16*19 
15*78 
8 Oxygen . . 
= 64*0 J 
3 Oxide of lead 
= 334*8 
62*84 
61*39 
63*05 
532*7 
100*00 
100*00 
100*00 
This compound, as dried, when first precipitated at 150° appears to have retained 
nine equivalents of water, which would give 13*2 gramme per cent.; the quantity 
obtained having been 13*97. 
A compound of betaorceine with oxide of copper was prepared with the same pre- 
cautions, which were made use of in the cases already described. It was then dried 
