ON THE STRENGTH OF PILLARS. 
431 
Results of Experiments on the Resistance of Solid Uniform Cylinders of Cast Iron 
to a Crushing Force. 
Table I. — Low Moor Iron, No. 3. cast in dry sand. Plate XV. No. 1, A. Ends of 
Specimens turned, so that the force would pass through the axis. 
Length. 
Diameter. 
Mean 
Diameter. 
Deflection 
of middle 
of pillar. 
Corre- 
sponding 
weight. 
Breaking 
weight. 
Mean from 
breaking 
weights. 
Remarks. 
inches. 
60-5 
60-5 
inch. 
•50 
•50 
inch. 
•50 
inch. 
•07 
•24 
•49 
•04 
•08 
•23 
lbs. 
58 
95 
113 
97 
113 
136 
lbs. 
136' 
150 
lbs. 
143 
These pillars, and those of the same length below, 
were made by mistake half an inch longer than 
was intended ; and therefore all the future ones 
were made of the same length, or exact sub- 
divisions of it. 
60-5 
60-5 
•77 \ 
•77 / 
•77 
7801 
780 / 
780 
60-5 
60-5 
•99 
•99 
•99 
•05 
•10 
•14 
•19 
•32 
•52 
515 
655 
991 
1183 
1471 
1615 
16631 
2141 / 
1902 
Broke 2 inches from middle. 
Broke 1} inch from middle. 
60-5 
60-5 
60-5 
60-5 
1-29 
1-295 
•25 
•07 
•10 ? 
•03 
•06 
•17 
•34 
•00 ? 
bent. 
•005 
•03 
•07 
5069 
5673 
5897 
2141 
3653 
4549 
4997 
2141 
2757 
3653 
4549 
5445 
5293 
6121 
5149' 
5781 
5707 
f Time of making the experiment 1| hour. 
1 Broke 2| inches from middle. 
The two following pillars were cast in green sand, 
Weight of pillar. 
19 lbs. 8 oz. 
5465* 
19 lbs. 14 oz. J 
Mean 19 lbs. 11 oz. 
60-5 
6 0-5 
60-5 
60-5 
1-53 
1-51 
1-53 ' 
1-54 
1-52 
1-535 
•14 
10525 
108611 
10861 / 
10121 1 
11179/ 
10861 
10650* 
T : C : : 126 : 26. 
Weight of pillar. 
28 lbs. 5 oz. 1 no ,, - 
281bs.9oz./ Mean281bs - 7oz - 
Cast in green sand. 
60-5 
60-5 
60-5 
60-5 
1 * 76 ^ 
1-77 
1-76 
1-80 
1-765 
• 01 ? 
•09 
•20 
•30 
8483 
11035 
13587 
14225 
1-78 
bent. 
•02 
•07 
•12 
•22 
bent. 
•05 
•09 
•18 
•30 
•48 
2808 
8617 
12445 
13721 
15233 
3355 
11649 
14201 
16115 
17795 
18355 
14701 1 
16419/ 
16493' 
18635 
15560 
Weight of pillar 38 lbs. 
17564* 
T : C :: 145 : 36. 
