ON THE STRENGTH OF PILLARS. 
451 
Table XII. — Experiments on the Resistance of Pillars of the best Staffordshire 
Wrought Iron and Steel. 
Description of Pillar. 
Mean dia- 
meter of 
pillar. 
i' a 
Mean 
weight of 
pillar. 
Mean 
breaking 
weight. 
Remarks. 
1st. WROUGHT IRON. 
Solid uniform cylinder, ] 
both ends rounded > 
Plate XV. No. 1, A. J 
Solid uniform cylinder, 1 
both ends rounded... J 
ft. ins. 
7 6! 
7 6J 
inch. 
1-02 
1-015 
inch. 
y i-oi7 
lbs oz. 
20 4-1 
20 2 
lbs. oz. 
20 3i 
inch. 
bent. 
•03 
•04 
•05 
•12 
•42 
bent. 
•03 
•04 
•11 
•48 
lbs. 
296 
352 
800 
1360 
1640 
1780 
240 
352 
800 
1360 
1720 
lbs. 
1825 
1792 
lbs. 
1808 
The results here given are the 
means from two experiments. 
The ends of the pillar were not 
perceptibly flattened by the 
pressure. 
Solid uniform cylinder, 1 
both ends rounded... J 
Solid uniform cylinder, 1 
both ends rounded... J 
5 0§ 
5 Of 
1-015 
1-015 
1-015 
13 0 
12 15§ 
12 15; 
•07 
•10 
2804 
3308 
3812 
4064 
3938 
The ends of the pillars were 
little or none crushed, or flat- 
tened by the pressure. 
Solid uniform cylinder, 
both ends rounded 
er, j_ 
er, 
Solid uniform cylinder, 
both ends rounded 
Solid uniform cylinder, 1 
both ends rounded... J 
2 6i 
2 6 | 
2 6f 
1-015 
1-015 
1-015 
1-015 
6 12 
6 12 
6 12 
!- 6 12 
•0 
•01 
■02 
•05 
•06 
•06 
2237 
4537 
8121 
12181 
13525 
14869 
14869 
16213 
15357 
- 15480 
In this pillar and the next the 
ends were rendered flat by the 
pressure ; the diameter of the 
flattened part in each was -4 
inch. 
["This pillar had the ends tipt 
with hardened steel to pre- 
[ vent it being crushed. 
Solid uniform cylinder, \ 
both ends rounded... J 
Solid uniform cylinder, 1 
both ends rounded... / 
Solid uniform cylinder, 1 
both ends rounded... J 
2 64 
2 6f 
2 6-j- 
•52 
•52 
•52 
•52 
1 13 
1 13 
1 13 
1 13 
• 0 ? 
•05 
•17 
•10 
•24 
742 
1246 
10/8 
1078 
1246 
1330 
1162 
1288 
1260 
Ends little or none crushed. 
Solid uniform cylinder, \ 
both ends rounded... J 
Solid uniform cylinder, 
both ends rounded, 
I’} 
1S i 
1-015 
1-015 
-1-015 
23312 
18356 
>20834 
{ The ends of this cylinder were 
somewhat crushed and flat- 
tened. 
r This cylinder had its ends tipt 
< withhardenedsteeltoprevent 
(_ them becoming flattened. 
Solid uniform cylinder, 1 
both ends rounded... J 
Solid uniform cylinder 
both ends rounded 
er, j_ 
1 3k 
1 3i 
1-005 
1-005 
.1-005 
3 5? 
3 5; 
3 5i 
23395 
23675 
23535 
" Ends rendered flat by the press- 
ure to f the diameter, or J 
the area. 
The ends of this were tipt 
with steel, but as it was not 
hardened, the ends became 
flattened, though in a less 
degree than in the last in- 
stance. 
Solid uniform cylinder, "] 
rounded at one end I 
and flat at the other. [ 
Plate XY. No. 1, B. J 
7 64 
1-02 
1-02 
20 5 
20 5 
bent. 
•02 
•07 
•15 
•27 
1080 
1920 
2480 
3040 
3320 
In this pillar the greatest flexure 
was about 2 feet Ilf inches 
from the rounded end. 
3355 
3355 
Solid uniform cylinder, "| 
rounded at one end > 
and flat at the other. J 
Solid uniform cylinder, 1 
rounded at one end l 
and flat at the other. J 
5 Of 
2 6^- 
103 
1-015 
1-03 
1-015 
13 12 
6 13 
6 13 
8137 
21355 
8137 
21355 
The rounded end was much flat- 
tened by the pressure in the 
shorter pillar, and slightly so 
in the longer, which had left a 
flat part at. the end -28 inch 
diameter. 
3 m 2 
