-21- 
of resistant California red scale. The gas may be used in vacuum 
fumigatore and mixed with carbon dioxide. Insects which apparently 
survive the fumigation become comatose and die after several days. 
This fumigant is less injurious than hydrogen cyanide to certain 
plants and tissues, including colcus, begonias, ferns, and other 
succulent plants. 
— and CAFTER, W. B. (81) 
Observations on Hypera brunneipennis and its destruction in baled 
hay by fumigation. Calif. Dept. Agr. , Bui. 28: 387-392. 1939. 
Adults of K. brunneipennis in cages of perforated copper tub- 
ing were buried in" bales of tightly compressed alfalfa hay in or- 
dinary freight and refrigerator cars loaded to full capacity. 
Ordinary freight cars were found to be unsuitable for fumigation, 
but complete mortality in refrigerator cars was obtained with a 
dosage of 1,1 pounds of methyl bromide per 1,000 cubic feet in the 
baled hay and also in bags of flax seed, the periods of exposure 
ranging from 6 to 24 hours for the hay and 12 to 24 for the seed. 
Complete mortality was also obtained In 12 hours when bales of 
alfalfa hay were fumigated at 1 pound per 1,000 cubic feet under a 
gas-proof tarpaulin. 
— and CARTER, W. B. (82) 
Destruction of alfalfa weevil Hypera variabilis by fumigation and 
other means. Calif. Dopt. A"g~rT,~Bul . 28: 466-470. 1939, 
Penetration by methyl bromide was slower in timothy than in 
alfalfa hay. Yflicn 26 adults were placed in the center of a bale 
of each in a refrigerator car filled with timothy hay end furiig - 
ted for 10 hours at a dosage of 1.2 pounds of methyl bromide per 
1,000 cubic feet, all these in the alfalfa wore dead 3 hours after 
treatment, whereas 5 of those in tiieothy were active 5 days after- 
ward. Complotc mortality was obtained in baled timothy hay in 
refrigerator cars by fumigation at dosages of 1.2 and 2.4 po\mds 
per 1,000 cubic feet for 24 and 6 hours, respectively. The bromine 
residue 72 hours after treatment for 24 hours at these dosages 
were 19*8 and 34.9 p.p.!?. compared with 5.8 p.p.m, for untreated 
hay. When tales of alfalfa hay were fumi o ated at 2 pounds per 
1,000 cubic feet under a gas-proof tarpaulin, all the adults were 
dead immediately after treatment for 12 hours, and 4 hours after 
treatment for 6 hours, but heavy concentrations of bromide re- 
mained. Waen the dosage was halved, all the adults were dead 3 
hours after fumigation for 6 or 12 hours. 
— and CARTER, W. 3. (83) 
Fumigation of fresh fruit with :iethyl bromide under industrial 
conditions. Calif. Dept. Agr., Bui. 29: 78-86. 1940. 
Packers during the 1939 reason fumigated 1956 carloads of 
California Bartlett pears to destroy codling moth larvae. The 
work was done in ref ri-erator cars, refrigerator trucks, or un- 
der gastight tarpaulins. Fumigation should not be done below 65° 
or above 95° F. in the car. The dosare is not less than 4 or 
