- 16 - 
dust settles on the web and the spider's first contact proves fatal. — 
Gilbert ( 17*+) . 
Fish 
Chlordane is less toxic to fishes than is DDT hut more toxic than 
benzene hexachloride. Applications of 1 pound to aa acre to outdoor ponds 
killed 87 percent of the blue gill sunfish. With applications of 0.5 
pound to an acre most of the bluegills as well as other species survived, 
and with those of 0.25 pound to an acre practically all fishes survived. 
A 12-percent chlordane solution (wt./vol.) in fuel oil was used in all 
applications. — Linduska and Surber ( 299. ) . 
Chlordane of 0.125 p. p.m. killed 100 percent and 0.05 p. p.m. killed 
50 percent of goldfish in 4 days. The corresponding figures for DDT were 
0.25 and 0.125 p. p.m. — Ginsburg (175 ). 
Chlordane is less texlc to fishes than toxaphene. At Leetown, West 
Virginia, recent tests at 0.0^4- p. p.m. in still water failed to kill 
several species of warm water fishes, including bluegills, goldfish, and 
several minnows. Toxaphene killed all the fish tested at that strength. 
Chlordane at 1 pound per acre (in this case 0.16 p. p.m.) killed 87 per- 
cent of the bluegills tested. In streams and troughs in Alaska, chlor- 
dane proved to be more toxic to trout than DDT and similar to toxaphene 
in emulsion form in 15-minute treatments. As a suspension it was not 
toxic to trout in any strength tested below 15 p.p.m. , and in fuel oil 
solutions up to 6 p.p.m. no damage was noted. It is concluded that 
chlordane appears to be damaging to some fish at 1 pound per acre. — 
Cope (80). 
At a routine dosage of 0.1 pound per acre, chlordane is toxic to 
fish and will significantly reduce the population of ponds. At dosages 
of 0.05 pound per acre, DDT appears to be somewhat more toxic than 
chlordane. Chlordane appears to have no significant effect on the fish 
population at a dosage of 0.025 pound per acre. These tests were made 
on 32 species of fish in ponds. — Tarzwell ( ^52 ) . 
Birds 
Chlordane appeared to be l/k to 1/2 as toxic as toxaohene to game 
birds. —Post (369). 
Mammals 
(a) Hats and. Mice - In tests made at the University of Illinois, 
chlordane and DDT appeared to be of the sane orde^- of toxicity to white 
rats, when adninistered as acute and repeated intragastric dosages and 
when inuncted percutaneously as an oil solution, emulsion concentrate 
and dilutions of the emulsion concentrate. Eats receiving either chlor- 
dane or DDT present a wide range of individual susceptibility, which 
makes it difficult to establish an absolute minimum or median lethal dose. 
Anorexia, los3 of weight, hyperexcitability , and tromors were symptomR 
produced by both conroounds. Tonic and clonic contractions were slightly 
