INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FOREST AND SHADE TREES. 
PREFACE. 
The following report is an enlarged and revised edition of Bulletin 7 
of the U. S. Entomological Commission on insects injurious to forest 
and shade trees, which was published in 1881. 
The design of this report is to give to the public, especially those 
persons interested in forestry and the planting and cultivation of shade 
trees, a brief summary of wbat is up to this time known of the habits 
and appearance of such insects as are injurious to the more useful kinds 
of trees. It is hoped that such a compendium will be found useful, and 
lead the reader not ouly to refer to the works of Harris, Fitch, Walsh, 
Riley, Le Conte, Horn, LeBaron, Saunders, Lintner, Forbes, and others 
of our entomologists who have contributed to this neglected branch, 
but induce him to make careful observations on the habits of destruc- 
tive forest insects and to carry on experiments as to the best remedies 
against their insidious attacks. The writer has added notes of obser- 
vations made during the past twenty-five years in the forests of Maine, 
New Hampshire, New York, and the woods of Massachusetts, as well 
as in Colorado, Utah, Montana, Florida, and on the Pacific coast; also 
a number of original engravings. The aim has been both to present 
original matter and to bring together from numerous entomological 
works, reports, and journals all that is of most importance to the prac- 
tical man. It is hoped that the work in its present form may serve as 
a convenient synopsis, a starting-point for future more detailed work, 
as well as a handy book of reference for the use of future observers, 
and that it will call the attention of the public to a neglected subject, 
stimulating entomologists, practical foresters, and gardeners to do what 
they can to add to our knowledge of this department of applied or 
economic entomology. 
A volume could be written on the insects living on any single kind 
of tree, and hereafter it may be expected that the insect population of 
'the oak, elm, poplar, pine, and other trees will be treated of mono- 
graphically. Certainly there could be no more interesting and profit- 
able work for the young entomologist. 
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