56 FIF1H REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION 
minute pimple is also seen forward of the upper end of each breathing pore, below 
which all the underside of the worm ia greenish white. The breathing porea are oral 
and light yellow, with ■ rusty brown oval spot in their center and a dark purple ring 
around their outer edge. Below them the skin bulges out, forming a longitudinal 
ridge, or rather two parallel ridges divided by a deep intervening furrow. Upon the 
upper one of these ridges near the middle of each ring is a round cherry-red spot in 
which are fcwo small pimples, and on tin? lower ridge is a single one, placed farther 
back, whilst four others equally minute maybe seen farther down and around the 
anterior base of tin- prologs. The second and third rings are shorter, each with four- 
teen pimples of different sizes, the larger ones forming a single transverse row. The 
tirst ring or neck is polished and of a dark tawny brown color on its upper side, with 
a white line in its middle disappearing anteriorly in a black t wo-lobed cloud. Th© 
head is but half as broad as the body, ami is of a shining black color, tinged more or 
less with chestnut brown in its middle, with scattered punctures from which arise line 
hairs. The antennte are chestnut brown, conical and three-jointed, the last joint 
minute, with a bristle beside it given out from the apex of the second joint. The 
palpi are similar, with two small processes from the summit of their second joint, 
the outer one of which ends in a minute fourth joint. Of the eight pairs of legs, the 
three anterior are conical and end in a single chestnut-colored claw. The others are 
short, thick, and retractile, with their soles surrounded by a blackish fringe-like ring 
composed of a multitude of minute hooks, the last pair, however, having these hooks 
only around the anterior and outer half of their soles. Placed in a glass or tin vessel, 
this worm is perfectly helpless, being unable to cling with these hooks to a hard 
smooth surface. 
With the last change of its skin it loses its bright-red color and is then white, 
tinged with green at the sutures, and with a pale-green stripe along the middle of its 
back, which disappears at the sutures. The pimples are of a pale tawny yellow color 
with black centers. The head is light tawny yellow varied in its middle with green- 
ish white, its anterior edge blackish and the jaws deep black.* 
As the moth into which this worm changes possesses no jaws or other implements 
by which it is possible for it to perforate the wood, it is necessary for the worm to pre- 
pare a way for its future escape from the tree ; and the provisions which it makes for 
this end are truly interesting, indicating that the worm has a clear perception of what 
its future condition and requirements will be, both in its pupa and its perfect state. 
This is the more surprising when we recur to the fact that since its infancy this crea- 
ture has been lying deeply bedded in the interior of the tree, the only act of its life 
having been to crawl lazily around in its cell and gnaw the wood there when impelled 
by hunger. How does it now come to do anything different from what it has been 
doing for months and years before ? But, having got its growth and the time draw- 
ing near to have it change into a pupa or chrysalis, we see it engaging in a new work. 
It now bores a passage from the upper end of its cell outward through the wood and 
bark till only a thin scale of the brittle dead outer bark remains. It is usually at the 
bottom of one of the large cracks or furrows in the hark that this passage ends, 
* Received full grown larvas from F. G. Mygatt, Richmond, 111., February 26, 1868, 
found boring in a large black-oak tree, formiug their cocoons soon after the receipt. 
The male larvae have generally broken bands of reddish brown across the middle of 
each segment. The female larvae) are perfectly fulvous or of the color of ordinary 
yellow butter; subcylindrical ; thoracic segments broadest, tapering thence to 
anus. Segment 1 flatter than the rest; head polished brown and fulvous; pilifer- 
ous spots variable in size, being more distinct when young, and often connected by 
transverse bands of brown; stigmata brown, large, and distinct; feet and legs 
same as venter, the former with brown extremities, the latter fringed with brown ; 
anal segment more glaucous than the rest. Others were received from J. M. Shaffer, 
January, 1870, found boring in black locust, and were exactly like the oak-feeding 
specimens. (Riley's unpublished notes.) 
