INSECTS INJURING OAK-LEAVES. 131 
177. Juvenal's skipper. 
Thanaos juvenalis West wood. 
The larva of this butterfly is not uncommon 
on the white oak from early in September uutil 
towards the middle of October iu Providence. 
We observed one caterpillar which (October 8) fig. u.— Larva (a) and pupa 
curled a leaf over its body and spun a thin floss ^^Za^LT^ 
of silk in which to transform. 
Thanaos ennius was originally regarded as the uortheru representa- 
tive of Thanaos juvenalis Westwood, but Mr. Scudder now writes me 
that he regards ennius as a synonym of T. juvenalis. In New England 
this skipper is seen in meadows iu May and again in August. 
Larva. — Body somewhat flattened, tapering towards both ends ; dull pea-green, the 
skin granulated with distinct white pimples. A lateral white line. Head wider than 
the prothoracic segment, bilobed, somewhat flattened in front, dark dull reddish- 
brown, with each lobe of the vertex touched slightly with red-brown, and an orange- 
red spot on the inside of each set of eyes. A dark median dorsal stripe and a lateral 
yellow line; the lateral ridge whitish. Length, 26 mm . 
Butterfly. — Smoky brown on both sides; fore wings variegated above with gray, 
with transverse rows of dusky spots, and six or seven small semi-transparent white 
spots near the tips; six of these spots are disposed in a transverse row, but the two 
Uindmost are separated from the others by a considerable interval, and the seventh 
spot, which is sometimes wanting, is placed nearer the middle of the wing. Hind 
wings with a row of blackish spots near the hind margin. Expanse of wings, 1.6 
inches. (Harris.) 
178. Thanaos brizo Bois. and Le C. 
Besides feeding on a leguminous plant (Galactia glabella) the larva of 
this skipper occurs on Quercus ilicifolia. (Scudder.) 
179. Smerinthus exccecatus (Abbot and Smith). 
The larva of this sphiugid moth has been found on Quercus imbricarius 
and Q. obtusiloba by Professor Riley, who has communicated the follow- 
ing description : 
Larva. — Normal form. Uniform pea-green. The papilla? cream-colored and regu- 
larly arranged in about eight annulets. A bluish vesicular medio-dorsal mark. 
Yellowish-green oblique lines extending length of two joints, the last brighter yel- 
low and extending up the caudal horn, which is also papillated. The thoracic joints 
have a longitudinal yellow subdorsal line. The head is triangular, but bluntly so; 
the front flattened, more polishad, and deeper green, with less distinct papiloe and 
separated from the hinder part, which is like the body, by a pale A relieved behind 
by darker shade. Abdominal and thoracic legs rosy outside. Stigmata white with 
heavy black anunlations. — (Unpublished notes). 
180. Daremma undulosa Walker. 
This sphingid feeds occasionally on the white and red oak. ( W. J. 
Holland, Can. Ent, June, 1886. See Ash Insects.) 
