INSECTS INJURING OAK-LEAVES. 183 
Half-way between the metathoracic legs and the first pair of filaments are two sub- 
acute tubercles, which are rust-red; when the four filaments are uncurled they are 
as long as from the head to the tubercles. The anterior pair of filaments are pale 
rust- red beneath at base, brown above, but tipped with white. A distinct dorsal 
line from the prothorax to the second pair of filaments ; a pair of small tubercles 
next to the last segment, tipped with pale rust-red. Body wood-colored above and 
beneath ; thoracic segments greenish above, succeeded by pale rust-red between the 
Fig. 60. — Nematocampa filamentaria ; a larva, b pupa. Nat. size. — 
Emerton, del. 
tubercles and first pair of filaments ; behind these variously marked with light and 
dark brown. An oval dark spot behind the last pair of tubercles and extending into 
the anal plate. Anal legs rusty, lined above with a whitish line. Length 18 mm . 
Pupa. — Body rather thick, conical, pale horn-brown, slashed and speckled with 
dark -brown. 
Moth.— Fore wings unusually short and broad; apex rectangular, outer edge bent 
in the middle, deeply excavated in the female on each side of the angles ; hind wings 
rounded at the apex, with a distinct angle in the middle, reaching as far as the end 
of the "abdomen. Pale ocherous, with brown veins and transverse dots ; a brown 
inner line, much curved. An outer sinuate line, with a supplementary line just 
inside, touching the outer line on the submedian vein and in the extradiscal space, 
and forming a large circle, one side of which touches the outer line. Beyond the 
line the border of the wing is dull brown, with the apical region clear. Hind wings 
streaked transversely, as on the fore wing, with the outer third brown, the apex 
included. Expanse of wings 25 mm (1 inch). 
'256. Endropia bilinearia Packard. 
The geometric caterpillar of this species was found by Mr. W. Saun- 
ders, of London, Canada, feeding on the oak; unfortunately it was 
not described ; it became a chrysalis early in July, emerging as a moth 
two weeks later. 
The moth. — Clear fawn-brown; wings much darker and less spotted than in the 
other species of Endropia. Body and wings concolorous; front edge of the fore 
wings paler than the rest of the wing and spotted finely, especially on the edge, with 
brown specks. Two brown hair-lines, the inner situated on the basal, and the outer 
on the outer third of the wing ; the inner line bent on the front edge of the wing. 
Outer line a little curved outward in the middle of the wing. Half-way between 
this line and the outer edge of the wing is a diffuse, interrupted, faint grayish band 
with a few dark scales, often wanting, and connecting with an oblique apical patch, 
also concolorous with the front edge of the wing. Outer edge of the wing deeply 
notched, the eight acute points (including the apex, which is very acute) tipped with 
a few black scales, the fringe being whitish between. Beneath, body and wings 
ocher-yellow, especially in the middle of the wings. Both wings-marked alike with 
